Dematopathology Flashcards
desc the basic anatomy of the skin
ectoderm = skin, epidermis, dermis and hypoderms/s/c
made of keratinocytes mainly
langerhan cells and melanocytes are inbw keratinocytes
arrector pili are by the seb glands
hair grows from germinal matrix in the dermal papillae
what are the layers of the epidermis called
stratum corneum, luciderm, granulosum, spinosum and basale
what are the 2 layers of the dermis called
upper = papillary (vascular, with dermal papillae/rete pegs) lower = reticular (dense irreg CT, follicles and glands)
name some causes of vasculitis
septic and non-septic emboli
Immune complexes
rickettsia
what are the 3 types of vasculitis and what they are
eosinophillic - type 1 hypersensitivity, IgE response
neutrophillic - type 3 hypersensitivity or septicaemia. WBCs in vessel wall and micro-haemorhages
lymphoplasmacytic - CMI respo
what are ‘fading adnexa’ a sign of
chronic vasculitis
what is a pustule
eosinophillic amorphous fluid with inflammatory cells found inbw keratinocytes
name 2 causes of superficial bacterial pyoderma
- impetigo - staph aureus
- greasy pig - staph hyicus
- rain scald, dermatophilus congolenses
what does parakeratosis mean?
retains nuclei in stratum corneum
what is the general pathogenesis of deep pyoderma
staphs
follicular papula –> pustules –> crusts, ulcers and alopecia
folliculitis –>furunculosis –>keratin fragments cause f-b reaction and haemorhage
both luminal and mural inflammation
what are the normal presenting signs of superficial pyoderma?
hyperkeratosis
crusts
papules
what is furunculosis
boils.. usually by staph. deep infection of a hair follicle
what is folliculitis
inflam of hair follicle, either luminal or mural.
what is dermal atrophy
reduction in adnexa in the dermis (eg follicles, glands, arrecter pili)
what are acantholytic keratinocytes
lost cell-cell adhesions
