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PMP > Delivery > Flashcards

Delivery Flashcards

1
Q

Requirement

A

A condition or capability that is necessary to be present in a product, service or result to satisfy a business need.

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2
Q

Work Breakdown Structure (WBS)

A

A hierarchical decomposition of the total scope of work to be carried out by the project team to accomplish the project objectives and create the required deliverables.

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3
Q

Definition of Done (DoD)

A

A checklist of all the criteria required to be met so that a deliverable can be considered ready for customer use.

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4
Q

Quality

A

The degree to which a set of inherent characteristics fulfills requirements.

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5
Q

Cost of Quality (COQ)

A

All costs incurred over the life of the product by investment in preventing nonconformance to requirements, appraisal of the product or service for conformance to requirements, and failure to meet requirements.

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6
Q

What can a business case document provide?

A

A business case document often provides the business justification and a projection of anticipated business value from a project.

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7
Q

What do business documents demonstrate?

A

Business documents demonstrate how the project outcomes align with the organization’s business objectives.

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7
Q

Where are high-level deliverables identified?

A

In the business need docs; may range from detailed, baselined plans or high-level roadmaps that provide an overview of the project life cycle, major releases, key deliverables, reviews and other top-level information.

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7
Q

Deliverable

A

The interim or final product, service, or results from a project; deliverables reflect the stakeholder requirements, scope, and quality, along with the long-term impacts to profit, people, and the planet.

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8
Q

Requirement

A

a condition or capability that is necessary to be present in a product, service, or result to satisfy a business need.

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9
Q

How to elicit success criteria?

A

Interview stakeholders
analyze data
observe processes
review defect logs

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10
Q

In agile projects, when is backlog created?

A

In the ‘kick off’ meeting.

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11
Q

Well-documented requirements meet what criteria?

A

Clear
Concise
Verifiable
Consistent
Complete
Traceable

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12
Q

Scope

A

The sum of the products, services, and results to be provided as a project.

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13
Q

Scope Statement

A

Identifies the major deliverables associated with the project and the acceptance criteria for each deliverable.

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14
Q

Epics

A

Logical containers for a large user story that is too big to complete within an iteration.

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15
Q

Feature

A

A set of related requirements typically described as a short phrase or function, which represent specific behaviors of a product. Each feature will have multiple user stories.

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16
Q

User Story

A

A brief description of an outcome for a specific user; clear and concise representation of a requirement written from the end user’s perspective.

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17
Q

Where can Acceptance or Completion Criteria be found?

A

In a Scope Statement

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18
Q

Acceptance or Completion Criteria

A

Criteria required to be met before the customer accepts the deliverable or before the project is considered complete.

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19
Q

Where can Technical Performance Measures be found?

A

In a separate specifications document OR as an extension to the WBS known as the WBS dictionary.

20
Q

Scope Creep

A

When additional scope or requirements are accepted without adjusting the corresponding schedule, budget, or resource needs. (projects that operate in a more stable environment)

21
Q

Done Drift

A

When a ‘good enough for release’ or ‘done’ goal may be subject to change. (projects that operate in uncertain and rapidly changing environments)

22
Q

How is scope creep combatted?

A

Using change control systems. Changes present to and approved by the project governance body, product owner, or executive sponsor.

23
Q

Where are quality requirements reflected or noted?

A

Quality requirements may be reflected in the completion criteria, definition of done, statement of work, or requirements documentation.

24
Q

What are the four categories of costs associated with quality?

A

Prevention
Appraisal
Internal Failure
External Failure

25
Q

Which quality categories are associated with the ‘cost of compliance’ to quality requirements?

A

Prevention and Appraisal

26
Q

Which quality categories are associated with the ‘cost of noncompliance’?

A

Internal and External Failure

27
Q

Prevention Costs

A

Incurred to keep defects and failures out of a product; to avoid quality problems.

28
Q

Product or Service Requirements

A

The establishment of specifications for incoming materials, processes, finished products, and services.

29
Q

Quality Planning

A

The creation of plans for quality, reliability, operations, production, and inspection.

30
Q

Quality Assurance

A

The creation and maintenance of the quality system

31
Q

Training

A

The development, preparation, and maintenance of programs.

32
Q

Examples of prevention costs of quality (COQ).

A

Product or Service Requirements
Quality Planning
Quality Assurance
Training

33
Q

What are Appraisal Costs?

A

Appraisal costs are associated with measuring and monitoring activities related to quality; incurred to determine the degree of conformance to quality requirements.

34
Q

Examples of Appraisal Costs

A

Verification
Quality Audits
Supplier Rating

35
Q

Appraisal Costs are also known as what?

A

Appraisal Costs = Quality Control

36
Q

Verification of quality

A

Checking incoming material, process setup, and products against agreed specifications.

37
Q

Quality Audits

A

Confirmation that the quality system is functioning correctly

38
Q

Supplier Rating

A

Assessment and approval of suppliers of products and services.

39
Q

What are Internal Failure costs associated with?

A

Finding and correcting defects before the customer receives the product; cost incurred when the results of work fail to reach design quality standards.

40
Q

Examples of Internal Failure Costs

A

Waste
Scrap
Rework or Rectification
Failure Analysis

41
Q

Which costs are negative quality costs?

A

Internal and External Failure Costs

42
Q

Waste

A

Performance of unnecessary work or holding enough stock to account for errors, poor organization, or communication

43
Q

Scrap

A

Defective product or material that cannot be repaired, used, or sold

44
Q

Rework or Rectification

A

Correction of defective material or errors

45
Q

Failure Analysis

A

Activities required to establish the causes of internal product or service failure.

46
Q

What are External Failure Costs?

A

Costs associated with defects found after the customer has the product and with remediation.

47
Q

Examples of External Failure Costs

A

Repairs and Servicing
Warranty Claims
Complaints
Returns
Reputation
*Includes: shipping, warranty, recall, suing, damaged reputation

48
Q

What does Boehm’s Cost of Change Curve depict?

A

Change gets more expensive over time; cost increases the further into the project that it happens.

49
Q

How can the Cost of Change impacts be countered?

A

Project teams design project processes to build in quality.

PMP (11 decks)

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