Definitions Week 8

Question 1

Globalisation

Answer 1

A phenomenon emphasising interconnectedness across the globe that encompasses a number of significant economic, cultural and technical aspects - Swann et al. 2004

Question 2

Global language

Answer 2

Languages of the world spoken by large numbers of people and/or across a number of national contexts

Question 3

World Language

Answer 3

A language used throughout the world, in many parts, in specific large regions and widely because of a special role

Question 4

World Englishes

Answer 4

A term coined by Braj Kachru referring to varieties of English that have developed outside of England

Question 5

Lingua Franca

Answer 5

A language adopted as a common language between speakers whose native languages are different

Question 6

Contact zones

Answer 6

Social spaces where cultures meet and clash with each other, often due to asymmetrical power of different types

Question 7

Transculturation

Answer 7

The merging and converging of cultures

Question 8

Pidgin

Answer 8

• Restricted in form, function and domain
• No native speakers
• Certain domains such as trade
• 200-300 words

Question 9

Creole

Answer 9

• An evolved pidgin
• Acquired native speakers
• Used in a variety of domains
• Children of pidgin users expand the use
• Grammatical rules

Question 10

Substrate

Answer 10

A language that influences an intrusive language

Question 11

Superstrate

Answer 11

The dominant language found in the contact situation, which is the source of the creole language