Definitions

Question 1

Prevalence

Answer 1

frequency of a disease in a population at a point in time

Question 2

Incidence

Answer 2

quantifies the No of new cases of a disease within a specified time interval

Question 3

Difference between incidence and prevalence

Answer 3

Incidence measures new cases while prevalence measures all, cases new & old.

Question 4

Mortality

Answer 4

No of deaths attributed to a specific condition in a given time period

Question 5

Morbidity

Answer 5

No of cases of ill health, complications, side effects attributed to a particular condition over a particular time period

Question 6

P Value

Answer 6

probability of obtaining the study result (relative risk, odds ratio etc) if the null hypothesis is true

Question 7

If p < 0.05

Answer 7

null hypothesis rejected
results are “statistically significant”
not due to chance

Question 8

If p > 0.05

Answer 8

provides insufficient evidence against the null hypothesis

Accept the null.

Question 9

95% Confidence Interval

Answer 9

estimated range of values calculated from data which are likely to contain the ‘true’ population value

Question 10

95% CI:

If sampling was repeated 100 X

Answer 10

result observed would fall within the CI in 95/100 samples

Question 11

Morbidity score systems

Answer 11

APACHE II
SAPS II and III
Glasgow coma scale
PIM 2
SOFA

Question 12

Predicted morbidity

Answer 12

describes morbidity of patients

useful when comparing 2 sets of patients or different time points in hospitals

Question 13

Mortality rates are expressed as

Answer 13

No. of deaths per 1000 individuals per year

Question 14

Countries with highest death rates

Answer 14

Swaziland
Angola
Lesotho
Sierra Leone
Zambia