Definitions

Question 1

Define dynamic equilibrium

Answer 1

Rate of forward reaction is equal to rate of the reverse reaction

Question 2

Define reversible reaction

Answer 2

Chemical reaction in which the reverse reaction contributes a significant amount

Question 3

Give the equilibrium constant equation (Kc)

Answer 3

Kc = ([C}^c[D]^d)/[A]^a[B]^b

aA + bB cC + dD

Where concentration is in moles

Question 4

Define oxidation in terms of electrons.

Answer 4

Oxidation is the loss of electrons

Question 5

Define reduction in terms of electrons

Answer 5

Reduction is the gain of electrons

Question 6

Define oxidation number

Answer 6

The charge an atom has in a molecule or an ion

Question 7

Define oxidation in terms of oxidation number.

Answer 7

An increase in oxidation number

Question 8

Define reduction in terms of oxidation number

Answer 8

A decrease in oxidation number

Question 9

What is the pH equation?

Answer 9

pH = -log10 [H+]

Question 10

What is the pOH equation?

Answer 10

pOH = -log to the base 10 [OH-

Question 11

What is the H+ concentration equation?

Answer 11

/(Ka x Macid)

Where Macid is the concentration in moles per litre

Question 12

What is the OH concentration equation?

Answer 12

/(Kb x Mbase)

Where Mbase is the concentration in moles per litre

Question 13

What is the Ka equation?

Answer 13

Ka = [H+][A-]/[HA]

Question 14

What is the Kb equation?

Answer 14

Kb = [Hb+][OH-]/[B]

Question 15

How to find H+ when given pH?

Answer 15

H+ = antilog (pH)

Question 16

How to find OH- when given pOH?

Answer 16

H+ = antilog (pH)

14 - answer = OH-

Question 17

How do you go from grams to moles?

Answer 17

Divide grams by RMM

Question 18

How do you go from moles to # of atoms?

Answer 18

Moles x Avogadro’s number

Question 19

How do you go from moles to grams?

Answer 19

Moles x RMM = grams

Question 20

How do you go from # of atoms to moles?

Answer 20

Number of atoms divided by avogadro’s number

Question 21

What is a primary standard?

Answer 21

A standard solution which has been prepared by accurately weighing out a pure compound and using it to make a solution of known volume

Question 22

What is a secondary standard?

Answer 22

A solution standardised against a primary standard

Question 23

What are the five requirements for a primary standard?

Answer 23

It should be 100% pure

Stable to drying temperatures. Stable at room temperature.

Readily available and fairly inexpensive

High formula (molecular) weights so that a larger weight is taken for a given number of moles

Should react completely to give a sharp end point

Question 24

Define limiting reagent

Answer 24

The reagent that determines how much product is formed

Question 25

When trying to find the limiting reagent, how do you find the moles of reactants needed?

Answer 25

grams used x (1/RMM)

Question 26

Find Percentage Yield.

Answer 26

% yield = actual yield/theoretical yield x 100

Question 27

Find actual yield.

Answer 27

Amount of product produced

Question 28

Find theoretical yield.

Answer 28

Add the mass of the reactants together