Atomic Theory Flashcards
What three fundamentals are atoms composed of?
Electron
Proton
Neutron
Describe the structure of an atom
A central nucleus surrounded by one or more orbital electrons
What does the nucleus contain?
Protons and/or neutrons
Where are electrons found?
They occupy the empty space outside the nucleus
What does a neutral atom contain?
The same number of electrons and protons
What is an element?
A substance that consists of one type of atom
What is the symbol for atomic number?
Z
What is the atomic number?
The number of protons in the nucleus
What does the atomic number determine?
The identity of the atom
What is the mass number?
The number of protons plus the number of neutrons
How do you determine the number of neutrons?
The mass number - the number of protons
What are isotopes?
2
isotopes are atoms of an element with the same number of protons (same element), but different numbers of neutrons
Atoms with the same atomic number but different mass numbers
How many isotopes does hydrogen have?
Three
What are the three isotopes of hydrogen?
Hydrogen
Deuterium
Tritium
What is atomic weight?
The atomic weight of an element is the weighted average of the naturally occurring isotopes of the element
