Defining Adaptive Physical Activity Flashcards
What is a Paradigm?
an accepted way of thinking that results in actions.
History of Disability Paradigms
Facility Based Paradigm:
- Believed that people with disabilities…
- were menace
- should be isolated from the general public
- had very different needs from typical population.
History of Disability Paradigms
Facility Based Paradigm:
(Early 1900’s)
- This way of thinking resulted in what?
- Institutions
- Residential programmes
- Special Schools
- Education based on labels (rather than needs)
- No treatments
- Corrective therapy ignored conditions that could not be corrected (*if the person couldn’t be fixed, they were isolated and ignored)
History of Disability Paradigms
Services Based Paradigm:
(1950-1960’s)
- was developed because…
- unfair treatment of PWD’s
- lack of support for veterans
- Research revealed the capabilities and potential growth of those once thought to be “uneducable”
History of Disability Paradigms
Services Based Paradigm:
(1950 - 1960’s)
- Actions and results of this paradigm were…
- Mainstreaming: integrating PWD’s into general public (special classes within schools)
- Physical activities were now about assistance, rather than correcting or ignoring.
- A great move towards deinstitutionalization: moving toward giving people more control over their lives.
History of Disability Paradigms
Supports Based Paradigm:
(1970’s to 21st century)
- The central tenet of this paradigm is…
Inclusion: a philosophy that everyone belongs, contributes, and develops.
History of Disability Paradigms
Supports Based Paradigm:
(1970’s to 21st century)
- made use of…
- Natural, human, and technical supports to assist with inclusion.
History of Disability Paradigms
Empowerment Paradigm:
- what is Empowerment and how is it accomplished?
- It is assisting the person to identify and reach their full potential and is accomplished by giving the individual full control over their lives.
History of Disability Paradigms
Empowerment Paradigm:
- what was the objective of this paradigm?
- empower the person to make their own choices, reach self-made decisions, assume responsibility, take risks, regulate personal learning, know personal strengths & weaknesses, and live as independently as possible.
History of Disability Paradigms
Resistance Theory:
- How do proponents using this theory view PWD’s and what do they acknowledge?
As oppressed and they acknowledge the social forces that oppose people experiencing disability.
History of Disability Paradigms
Resistance Theory:
- What do proponents using this theory recognize?
- The presence of power in social relations*
- - by understanding how power is manifested through policy, support practices, inequities and lack of accessibility.
History of Disability Paradigms
Personal Coherence:
- is based on…
The strengths perspective.
History of Disability Paradigms
Personal Coherence:
- suggests that… (2)
- people experiencing disability are experts in their own lives
- that professional support should be focused on the person’s talents, resourcefulness, possibility, meaningful history, and strengths.
How do people using the Deficits-Based Approach view PWD’s?
The person is the problem and needs to be fixed. Expert help is required.
How do people using the Strengths-Based Approach view PWD’s?
Just as others. People with disabilities have goals and dreams (in which the may need support to realize).
