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Medicine, Year 2, Block 9 (Disease Processes) > Defence Against Infections > Flashcards

Defence Against Infections Flashcards

1
Q

The adaptive immune response is mediated by what cells?

A

B and T lymphocytes

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2
Q

What is active immunisation?

A

Causing a state of immunological readiness such that the first infection was a given pathogen is recognised during the second infection. Requires active immune response involving B and T cells

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3
Q

What is passive immunisation?

A

Transfer preformed immunological mediators (antibodies) to generate a state of enhanced immunity

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4
Q

Give examples of infections for which vaccination has been successful

A 
Smallpox
Diptheria
Measles
Mumps
Pertussis
Polio
Rubella
Tetanus
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5
Q

Is Tetanus actively or passively immunised against?

A

Passive

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6
Q

Is Gangrene actively or passively immunised against?

A

Passive

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7
Q

Is Snakebite actively or passively immunised against?

A

Passive

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8
Q

Is Polio actively or passively immunised against?

A

Active

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9
Q

Active immunisation can be divided into what two groups?

A

Attenuated (live)

Inactivated (dead)

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10
Q

Is Smallpox / Cowpox actively or passively immunised against?

A

Active (live vaccine)

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11
Q

Is Hep B actively or passively immunised against?

A

Passive

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12
Q

Is MMR actively or passively immunised against?

A

Active

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13
Q

Is Rabies actively or passively immunised against?

A

Passive

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14
Q

Is Yellow fever actively or passively immunised against?

A

Active

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15
Q

Why was Smallpox successfully eradicated?

A
  1. Exclusive to humans (no animal reservoir)
  2. No hidden carriers (obvious disease)
  3. Only one serotype
  4. Vaccination were 100% successful
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16
Q

What kind of virus is the Polio virus?

A

Positive strand ssRNA virus

17
Q

A Polio virus infection causes what condition? How is it transmitted?

A

Poliomyelitis

Faeco-oral transmission

18
Q

State the name of the two vaccines against Polio virus

A 
Salk vaccination (inactivated)
Sabin vaccination (attenuated)
19
Q

Being vaccinated with an Attenuated Polio vaccine can cause what complication?

A

Vaccine-induced (iatrogenic) poliomyelitis

20
Q

The BCG vaccine is what type of vaccine?

A

Attenuated (live)

21
Q

What is a subunit vaccine? Give 1 example of a subunit vaccine

A

Vaccines made up of components of an organism

DTP (Diphtheria, Tetanus, Pertussis)

22
Q

What is an adjuvant with respect to vaccination?

A

A substance that is added to a vaccine to increase the body’s immune response to the vaccine

Medicine, Year 2, Block 9 (Disease Processes) (28 decks)

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