Carcinogenesis

Question 1

Following DNA damage, what protein accumulates to signal Cell cycle arrest?

Answer 1

p53

Question 2

What damage is particularly produced when UV upsets DNA?

Answer 2

Thymidine dimers

CC dimers

Question 3

For alkylating agents damaging DNA, on which position do these lesions particularly occur?

Answer 3

O6 position on guanine

Question 4

Xeroderma Pigmentosum affects what DNA Repair Mechanism?

Answer 4

Nucleotide Excision Repair

Question 5

Ataxia-telangiectasia is a condition caused by mutations in what gene?

Answer 5

ATM

Question 6

Give examples of repair mechanisms to correct Alkylation damage

Answer 6

• Direct reversal
• Base Excision Repair
• Nucleotide Excision Repair
• Double Strand Break Repair
• DNA Mismatch Repair

Question 7

What enzyme is involved in Direct Reversal DNA repair?

Answer 7

MGMT

Question 8

Give 1 example of a condition which is caused by the “Two-Hit Hypothesis” - what gene is implicated?

Answer 8

Retinoblastoma, RB1

Question 9

Familial Adenomatous Polyposis affects which region of the GI tract? It is caused by a mutation in what gene?

Answer 9

Primarily affects the large intestine

Caused by a mutation in the APC gene