Deep and superficial perineal pouches (dave's notes)

Question 1

Define the perineum

Answer 1

That part of the body caudal to the pelvic diaphragm, consisting of urogenital and anal triangles.

Question 2

What is the skin on each side of the anal region supplied by?

Answer 2

The interior rectal nerve and perineal branch of S4

Question 3

List the 8 main constituents of the male urogenital region

Answer 3

1. Urogenital diaphragm,
2. Superior and inferior fasciae of the urogenital diaphragm,
3. Superior perineal fasciae
4. Membranous parts of the urethra
5. Internal pudendal nerves
6. Dorsal nerve of the penis
7. Perineal nerves
8. Bulbourethral glands

Question 4

What is the superficial perineal pouch?

Answer 4

The area between the superficial perineal fascia of colles and the perineal membrane

Question 5

Describe the attachment and location of colles fascia

Answer 5

In the superficial perineal pouch, colles is attached tothe front of the pubic bone and is projected into scrotal and penile expansions - and theoretically extends up into the anterior abdominal wall but ends at the mid-axillary line

Question 6

What does the superficial perineal pouch contain?

Answer 6

The root of the penis, superficial perineal muscles and their associated nerves and vessels

Question 7

What are the three layers of the deep perineal pouch?

Answer 7

The lower layer, the urogenital diaphragm, and the upper layer

Question 8

Describe the upper layer of the deep perineal pouch

Answer 8

The upper layer is the superior fascia of the urogenital diaphragm, is ill defined and is part of the loose pelvic fascia

Question 9

Where is the urogenital diaphragm found?

Answer 9

Above the perineal membrane.

Question 10

What are the constituents of the urogenital diaphragm?

Answer 10

The external urethral sphincter and the deep transverse perineal muscles

Question 11

What non-muscular structure is found in the urogenital diaphragm? What is their diameter?

Answer 11

The bulbourethral glands, one on each side of the membranous urethra, 1cm diameter.

Question 12

Describe the course of the bulbourethral duct

Answer 12

The bulbourethral duct runs from the glands, parallel with the urethra to pierce the membrane of the lower layer of the deep perineal pouch and enter below (small contribution to ??)

Question 13

Describe the lower layer of the deep perineal pouch. What does it anchor?

Answer 13

The lower layer is the inferior fascia of the urogenital diaphragm (“perineal membrane”). This is an unyeilding sheet of fibrous tissue, and anchors the penis.

Question 14

What are the attachments of the perineal membrane/lower layer of the deep perineal pouch?

Answer 14

The ischiopubic rami to ischial tuberosities

Question 15

What is the anterior border of the lower layer of the deep perineal pouch?

Answer 15

The transverse perineal ligament

Question 16

What is the posterior border of the lower layer of the deep perineal pouch?

Answer 16

The superficial perineal fascia of colles, fusing with the perineal body

Question 17

What pierces the lower layer of the deep perineal pouch?

Answer 17

The membrane is pierced by the urethra and bulbourethral ducts