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Question 1

What is the major cation lost in sweat?

Answer 1

Sodium

Question 2

How much water is lost in each part of the nephron?

Answer 2

H20PCT - 65%Loop of henle Descending - 10%Ascending - 0%DCT - 10%CD - 5%

Question 3

What are the three major driving forces which move Na+ from tubular cells into the peritubular capillaries?

Answer 3

Hydrostatic pressure in the intracellular spaceHigher oncotic pressure in peritubular capillariesLower hydrostatic pressure in peritubular cappilaries

Question 4

What histological features of the epithelial cells lining the descending limb of the loop of Henle indicate that they are not involved in active transport?

Answer 4

Squamous epithelium, no brush border, no mitochondria

Question 5

Why does the process of glomerular filtration facilitate the reabsorption of solute and solvent from the inter-cellular spaces?

Answer 5

~20% of solute and water filtered in glomerulus enters kidney tubule. This leaves protein behind in peritubular capillaries thus higher oncotic pressure; this then draws water and solute into the blood in these capillaries.