deck A (1-50) Flashcards
2
VOTING TRUST ELEMENTS
- SHARES ARE TRANSFERRED TO TRUSTEE
- TRUSTEE VOTES AND DISTRIBUTES DIVIDENDS IN ACCORDANCE WITH WISHES OF THE TRUST
2
REMEDY FOR VIOLATING 10b-5 (INSIDER TRADING)
- DIFFERENCE BETWEEN PROCEEDS AND HONEST TRADE
- MUST BE DISGORGED TO CORPORATION
3
AMENDING CORPORATE BYLAWS REQUIREMENTS
- APPROVAL OF SHAREHOLDERS
- APROVAL OF DIRECTORS
- FILING OF CHANGED ARTICLES WITH SECRETARY OF STATE
3
IMPLIED ACTUAL AUTHORITY (AGENCY) CREATED BY
- CUSTOM
- PRIOR DEALINGS
- AGENT’S REASONABLE BELIEF OF AUTHORITY NECESSARY TO ACCOMPLISH EXPRESSLY DIRECTED TASTS
2
QUASI-COMMUNITY PROPERTY
- PROPERTY ACQUIRED BY SPOUSE WHILE DOMICILED ELSEWHERE
- WHICH WOULD HAVE BEEN CP IF ACQUIRED WHILE DOMICILED IN CA
3
TRANSMUTATION - WRITING NOT REQUIRED FOR GIFTS BETWEEN SPOUSES WHERE
- TANGIBLE ARTICLES OF PERSONAL NATURE
- INSUBSTANTIAL IN VALUE
- IN CONTEXT OF MARITAL CIRCUMSTANCES
2
DISTRIBUTION OF ASSETS TO SURVIVING SPOUSE AT DEATH - DECEDENT SPOUSE WAS INTESTATE
- SURVIVING SPOUSE ENTITLED TO DECEDENT’S SHARE OF CP AND QCP
- SURVIVING SPOUSE ENTITLED TO 1/3 OF DECEDENT’S SP (DEPENDING ON SURVIVING PARENTS OR ISSUE)
2
DEBT - TIMING - CHILD SUPPORT
- LIABILITY FOR CHILD SUPPORT FOR A CHILD NOT A PRODUCT OF THE MARRIAGE IS TREATED AS A PRE-MARRIAGE DEBT
- REGARDLESS OF WHEN SUPPORT ORDER ENTERED OR MODIFIED
2
DISTRIBUTION OF COMMNITY ASSETS AT DEATH - GENERAL RULE
- ONE HALF CP AND QCP TO SURVIVING SPOUSE
- ONE HALF CP AND QCP TO ESTATE
2
VALID WILL - WILL STILL VALID W/NO WITNESSES WHERE THE WILL PROPONENT CAN PROVE
- TESTAMENTARY INTENT
- WITH CLEAR AND CONVINCING EVIDENCE
4
OF SOUND MIND - NO CAPACITY WHERE TESTATOR INFLUENCED BY
- FRAUD
- DURESS
- MENACE
- UNDUE INFLUENCE
2
INTEGRATION OF DOCUMENTS INTO WILL - REQUIREMENTS
- DOCUMENTS WERE PRESENT AT THE TIME TESTATOR EXECUTED WILL AND
- TESTATOR INTENDED THEM TO BE PART OF HIS WILL
2
REVOCATION OF WILL - WHERE DEVISE MADE TO MULTIPLE BENEFICIARIES AND ONE BENFICIARY IS CROSSED OUT, WHO RECEIVES THE CROSSED OUT BENEFICIARY’S PORTION?
- WILL RESIDUE RECEIVES CROSSED OUT PORTION
- NOT REMAINING BENEFICIARIES
4
CONSTRUCTIVE TRUST
- EQUITABLE REMEDY
- IMPOSED BY COURTS
- WHERE DEFENDANT IS UNJUSTLY ENRICHED BY PROPERTY
- AND IT IS INEQUITABLE FOR HIM TO KEEP PROPERTY
3
BALANCING OF HARDSHIPS IN AWARDING INJUNCTION - EXTRA CONSIDERATION FACTORS
- LARGE DISPARITY WEIGHS IN FAVOR OF SEVERELY IMPACTED PARTY
- WILLFUL MISCONDUCT WEIGHT AGAINST WRONGDOER
- PUBLIC INTEREST CONCERNS
5
LIFE ESTATE - OTF2C
- OWNERSHIP - FOR THE STATED LIFE OF A PERSON.
- TRANSFERABILITY - ALIENABLE, DEVISABLE, DESCENDIBLE, SUBJECT TO THE DURATION OF THE LIFETIME.
- FUTURE INTEREST GRANTOR OWNS - REVERSION (IF HELD BY GRANTOR.)
- FUTURE INTEREST THIRD PARTY OWNS - REMAINDER (IF HELD BY THIRD PARTY)
- CREATED BY - WORDS OF IDENTIFICATION
3
ABANDONMENT OPTIONS FOR LANDLORD
- ACCEPT ABANDONMENT AND TERMINATE LEASE OR
- RELET PREMISES ON BEHALF OF TENANT (WITH NOTICE) OR
- LEAVE PREMISES VACANT AND CONTINUE TO COLLECT RENT (MODERNLY W/DUTY TO MITIGATE)
3
GENERAL RULE OF ASSIGNMENTS IN LEASES
- PARTIES MAY TRANSFER INTERESTS IN LEASES
- UNLESS AGREED OTHERWISE
- PROHIBITIONS ON TRANSFERS ARE ENFORCEABLE.
3
DUE PROCESS - NOTIONS OF FAIR PLAY AND SUBSTANTIAL JUSTICE ARE NOT OFFENDED WHERE
- CLAIM IS RELATED TO DEFENDANT’S CONTACT WITH THE FORUM STATE
- DEFENDANT HAS CONTINOUS OR SYSTEMATIC CONTACT WITH THE FORUM STATE
- FORUM IS NOT GRAVELY DIFFICULT AND INCONVENIENT FOR THE DEFENDANT.
4
ABSOLUTE PRIVILEGE FOR ATTORNEY WORK PRODUCT APPLIES TO:
- MENTAL IMPRESSIONS
- LEGAL THEORIES
- OPINIONS
- CONCLUSIONS
3
FEDERAL - PROTECTED ATTORNEY/WORK PRODUCT CAN BE GENERATED BY
- ATTORNEY
- THE PARTY FOR ATTORNEY’S USE
- THE PARTY’S REPRESENTATIVE FOR ATTORNEY’S USE
5
PARTY NECESSARY FOR JUST ADUDICATION REQUIREMENTS (19A)
- COMPLETE RELIEF CANNOT BE ACCORDED TO THOSE ALREADY IN LAWSUIT
- THE PARTY’S ABSENCE MAY IMPEDE HIS/HER ABILITY TO PROTECT INTEREST
- RISK OF MULTIPLE OR INCONSISTENT OBLIGATIONS W/OUT PARTY
- MISSING PARTY SUBJECT TO SERVICE OF PROCESS
- JOINDER WON’T DESTROY DIVERSITY
1
WHAT IS A PRIMARY RIGHT?
1) PLAINTIFF’S RIGHT TO BE FREE FROM A PARTICULAR INJURY.
2
CONGRESSIONAL POWERS - NECESSARY AND PROPER CLAUSE
- CONGRESS HAS AUTHORITY TO ENACT LAWS NECESSARY AND PROPER TO ACCOMPLISH ITS ENUMERATED POWERS
- WHERE THE LAW IS RATIONALLY RELATED TO THE IMPLIMENTATION OF ITS ENUMERATED POWER
2
CONGRESSIONAL POWERS - DORMANT COMMERCE CLAUSE - STATE LAW UNDULY BURDENING INTERSTATE COMMERCE WILL STILL BE VALID WHERE THE STATE
- IS ACTING TO FURTHER IMPORTANT INTEREST
- NO LESS DISCRIMINATORY ALTERNATIVES AVAILABLE.
2
FREE SPEECH REGULATION LIMITATION - UNFETTERED DISCRETION OCCURS WHEN THE LAW GOVERNING THE GRANTING OF PERMITS
- DOES NOT SET FORTH NARROW AND SPECIFIC GROUNDS LIMITING DECISION MAKER
- PERMIT MECHANISMS ARE NOT NARROWLY TAILORED TO REGULATION’S OBJECTIVE
3
WAIVER OF MIRANDA MUST BE MADE
- VOLUNTARILY
- KNOWINGLY
- INTELLIGENTLY
3
JOINING A CONSPIRACY ALREADY IN PROGRESS
- WHERE DEFENDANT JOINS AN ALREADY IN PROGRESS CONSPIRACY
- MOST COURTS WILL HOLD DEFENDANT NOT LIABLE FOR PRIOR CRIMES OF CO-CONSPIRATORS
- UNLESS DEFENDANT SEEKS TO BENEFIT FROM THOSE PRIOR CRIMES.
2
ACCOMPLICE LIABILITY
- VICARIOUS CRIMINAL LIABILITY FOR ACTS OF CO-CRIMINALS
- DIRECTLY AND FORESEEABLY RESULTING FROM DEFENDANT’S OWN CRIMINAL ACTS
2
DEFENSE OF LEGAL IMPOSSIBLITY AS DEFENSE TO ATTEMPT CRIME
- DEFENDANT MAY RAISE DEFENSE OF LEGAL IMPOSSILBITY TO AN ATTEMPT CRIME
- WHERE SUBSTANTIAL STEP WAS TAKEN WAS TOWARD AN ACT THAT WASN’T ACTUALLY ILLEGAL.
3
COMPOUNDING IS THE CRIME OF
- TAKING MONEY OR SOMETHING OF VALUE
- IN EXCHANGE FOR A PROMISE
- TO NOT TO REPORT ANOTHER’S CRIME.
2
UNDER THE DEFENSE OF PUBLIC AUTHORITY, POLICE OFFICER DEFENDANTS
- HAVE A LIMITED PRIVILEGE
- TO USE REASONABLE FORCE
- IN THE PROPER PERFORMANCE OF THEIR DUTIES.
4
UNVAILABITY IS REQUIRED FOR THESE HEARSAY EXCEPTIONS
FAD PINKERTON
- FORMER TESTIMONY
- STATEMENT AGAINST INTEREST
- DYING DECLARATION
- STATEMENT OF PERSONAL OR FAMILY HISTORY
4
CATCHALL HEARSAY EXCEPTION - STATEMENT WILL BE ADMISSIBLE WHERE IT HAS
- CIRCUMSTANTIAL GUARANTEES OF TRUSTWORTHINESS
- OFFERED AS EVIDENCE OF MATERIAL FACT
- MORE PROBATIVE ON THE POINT THAN ANY OTHER PRESENTLY AVAILABLE EVIDENCE.
- ADMISSION SERVES THE INTEREST OF JUSTICE.
5
WHEN IS A STATEMENT NOT HEARSAY?
- STATEMENT OFFERED FOR IMPEACHMENT
- VERBAL ACTS OR PARTS OF ACTS
- OFFERED TO SHOW EFFECT ON LISTENER OR READER
- VERBAL OBJECTS
- CIRCUMSTANTIAL EVIDENCE OF STATE OF MIND
1
AFFECT OF PERFECT TENDER RULE ON NONBREACHING BUYER’S ABILITY TO ACCEPT OR REJECT NON-CONFORMING GOODS
- THE NONBREACHING BUYER MAY ACCEPT OR REJECT NONCONFORMING GOODS.
2
MEASURE OF DAMAGES FOR THE NONBREACHING BUYER WHO PROCURES COVER
- EXCESS OF THE COVER PRICE
- OVER THE CONTRACT PRICE
2
WRITING REQUIREMENT FOR FEES (CA)
- ALWAYS FOR CONTINGENCY CASES
- NON-CONTINGENCY CASES - WHERE REASONABLY FORESEEABLE THAT FEES WILL EXCEED 1K
2
ABA - LAWYERS ARE NOT ALLOWED TO MAKE LOANS IN CONNECTION W/LITIGATION EXCEPT ADVANCING LITIGATION COSTS FOR
- CONTINGENCY CASE
- CASE W/ INDIGENT CLIENT
2
LIMITATION ON FEE AMOUNTS - ATTORNEY FEES MUST NOT BE
- ABA - UNREASONABLE
- CA- UNCONSCIONABLE
2
SCOPE OF REPRESENTATION - CLIENT DETERMINES VS. ATTORNEY DETERMINES
- CLIENT DETERMINES END GOALS OF REPRESENTATION
- ATTORNEY DETERMINES MEANS OF ACCOMPLISHING GOALS
1
CONTRACT CHOICE OF LAW PROVISIONS - WHERE LAW CONFLICTS WITH CA PUBLIC POLICY, CA WILL APPLY CA LAWS WHERE
- IT HAS A MATERIALLY GREATER INTEREST IN HAVING ITS OWN LAW APPLIED VS. THE OTHER STATE
1
COMPARATIVE FAULT - DEFENDANT MAY RAISE DEFENSE TO NEGLIGENCE WHERE
- PLAINTIFF CONTRIBUTED A PERCENTAGE OF FAULT TO THE ACCIDENT
2
AVAILABILITY OF ASSUMPTION OF RISK AS A DEFENSE TO PRODUCTS LIABILITY WHERE PLAINTIFF KNEW OF RISKS FROM PRODUCT
- IF PLAINTIFF HAD NO CHOICE BUT TO CONTINUE USING THE PRODUCT
- ASSUMPTION OF RISK IS NOT AN AVAILABLE DEFENSE
3
REQUIREMENT FOR RECOVERING PUNITIVE DAMAGES FOR DEFAMATION - PLAINTIFF MUST PROVE
- ACTUAL MALICE
- FALSE STATEMENT WAS MADE WITH KNOWLEDGE OF THE STATEMENT’S FALSITY
- OR BLATANT DISREGARD FOR THE TRUTH
1
MBE MISSED - WHERE SALE PROCEEDS WILL PAY OFF A MORTGAGE TO MAKE TITLE MARKETABLE, SELLER HAS
- AN IMPLIED RIGHT TO USE PROCEEDS OF SALE TO PAY OFF MORTGAGE
1
MBE MISSED - COMMERCIAL SPEECH RECIEVES THIS LEVEL OF SCRUTIY
- INTERMEDIATE SCRUTINY
2
VOLUNTARY DISSOLUTION OF A CORPORATION MUST BE APPROVED BY
- MAJORITY OF VOTING SHAREHOLDERS
- BOARD OF DIRECTORS WHERE CORP INSOLVENT
3
CEC: ON CROSS-EXAMINATION, PROSECUTOR MAY REBUT DEFENDANT’S CHARACTER EVIDENCE WITH
- REPUTATION EVIDENCE
- OPINION EVIDENCE
- NO PAST BAD ACTS (SUBJECT TO PROP. 8)
9
PROP 8 EXEMPTIONS
(DR MAMMAL COUNTS SHEEP)
- DEFENDANT MUST OPEN THE DOOR TO CHARACTER EVIDENCE
- RAPE SHIELD LAWS STILL APPLY
- NO CONTEMPT FOR MEMBER OF MEDIA
- COURT STILL HAS POWER TO EXCLUDE FOR CEC 252
- SECONDARY EVIDENCE RULE
- HEARSAY
- EXCLUSIONARY RULES FROM U.S. CONSTUTION
- EXCLUSIONARY RULES PASSED BY 2/3 OF CA LEGISLATURE POST 1982
- PRIVILEGES STILL APPLY
5
ABA- SCOPE OF REPRESENTATION - CLIENT MAKES THESE MAJOR DECISIONS IN CASE
- OBJECTIVES OF REPRESENTATION
- PLEA BARGAINS
- SETTLEMENTS
- JURY TRIAL
- WHETHER OR NOT TO TESTIFY
1
VERBAL ACTS
- HAVE INDEPENDENT LEGAL SIGNIFICANCE