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Step 1 Rx > Deck 9 > Flashcards

Deck 9 Flashcards

1
Q

Who is at risk for Bells palsy?

A

Sarcoidosis, tumors, diabetes, AIDS, Lyme dz

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2
Q

What flu prophalaxis med has dopamine activity?

A

Amantadine: releases endogenous dopamine. Prevent viral uncoating through blockage of M2 proton channels

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3
Q

What would make you think more encephalitis than meningitis?

A

Absence of normal brain function (altered mental status, sensory or motor deficits)

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4
Q

What does AFP in amniotic fluid mean (pregnant women)?

A

Neural tube defect (except spina occult which is still covered)- AFP leaks out of spinal cord

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5
Q

Symptoms of homocysteinuria?

A

Progressive intellectual disability, marfanoid habitus, lens dislocation (ectopia lentis), vascualr thrombosis. Normal at birth

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6
Q

What drugs have zero order kinetics?

A

Phenytoin, Ethanol, aspirin = PEA. Also anticoagulants heparin and warfarin

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7
Q

What are SE of antiseizure medication valproate?

A

Teratogenic effect - neural tube defects, weight gain, lethargy, resp depression, GI, tremors or clonus, liver toxicity

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8
Q

What do you use for valproate toxicity?

A

Carnitine (pro carnage)

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9
Q

Bilateral hearing loss from masses- what is it? What cell is affected?

A

NF-2: Schwann cell

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10
Q

Melanin comes from what germ cell layer?

A

neural crest

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11
Q

Mutation of FGFR causes what condition?

A

Achondroplasia

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12
Q

In Brocas aphasia, where do most people have damage/ clot?

A

Left middle cerebral artery

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13
Q

What is dantrolene used for?

A

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome

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14
Q

Why is pralodoxime used for sludge? What does it do?

A

Acetylcholinesterase regenerator

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15
Q

What antiseizure med causes agranulocytosis?

A

Carbamazepine: inactives sodium channels, and inhibits N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors. Bunch of side effects

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16
Q

Reactive arthritis is seen with what bugs?

A

SSYCC: salmonella, shigella, yersinia, campylobacter, chlamydia

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17
Q

Alport syndrome?

A

hereditary glomerulonephritis, sensorineural hearing loss, ocular abnormalities. Defect in type IV collagen

18
Q

What ab muscle gives rise to cremaster muscle?

A

Internal oblique

19
Q

What arch develops muscles to elevate pharynx and palate?

A

3- stylopharyngeus, 4- levator palatini

20
Q

What are the different mutations for muscle dystrophies BMD & DMD?

A

BMD: in frame deletion causes abnormal/ less severe. DMD: out of frame deletion causes truncated dystrophin protein

21
Q

Characteristics of pemphus vulgaris?

A

4-5th decades of life, flaccid (fragile) blisters on face, axilla, trunk, mucosa. Attacks desmosones (macula adherens)

22
Q

What drugs are associated with stevens-johnson syndrome?

A

Lamotrigine, phenytoin, ethosuxamide, carbamazepine

23
Q

Which arthritides are HLA-B27 positive?

A

PAIR: Psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, IBD, Reactive arthritis

24
Q

What is enzyme defect in albinism?

A

Tyrosinase- converts tyrosine to dopaquinone. Necessary for phenylalanine (makes melanin)

25
Q

Which NSAID has least GI irritation?

A

Celecoxib: COX-2 selective inhibitor

26
Q

What medication is used for osteoporosis and causes erosive esophagitis?

A

Bisphosphonates: alendronate

27
Q

What muscles does radial nerve innervate?

A

the BEST: brachioradialis, extensors of wrist/ fingers, supinator, triceps

28
Q

In what condition do you see improvement with repetitive stimulation?

A

Lambert Eaton- problem with pre-synaptic voltage gated Ca channels (are able to get more vesicles over time). MG gets worse with more stimulation

29
Q

What condition can coexist with temporal arteritis?

A

Polymyalgia rheumatica

30
Q

Characteristics of churgg strauss?

A

Asthma, eosinophilia, paranasal sinusitis, pulmonary infiltrates, mononeuritis or polyneuropathy

31
Q

Describe SSPE from measles?

A

Personality changes, lethargy, difficulty in school, odd behavior…. Then dementia, myoclonic jerking, flaccidity, decorticate rigidity

32
Q

Describe most common cause of bronchiolitis/ pneumonia in kids…

A

RSV: enveloped ssRNA, non segmented

33
Q

Negative nitroblue tetrazolium means what?

A

Abnormal NADPH oxidase activity => CGD. X-linked

34
Q

What does disulfiram bind to? Causing build up of what?

A

Binds to 2nd enzyme in step (NAD+) causing build up of acetaldehyde

35
Q

Mnemonic to remember essential amino acids?

A

PVT TIM HALL

36
Q

Pregnant woman with fever, myalgia, diarrhea, vomiting, jaundice in africa…?

A

Hep E (histo shows hepatic tissue necrosis)

37
Q

Deficiency of lysosomal enzyme a-1,4-glucosidase?

A

Pompe dz: accumulation of glycogen in heart, liver, skeletal muscles. Hypotonia, and weakness and early death

38
Q

What artery does the R. recurrent laryngeal nerve wrap around?

A

R. subclavian

39
Q

What skin layer are melanocytes in?

A

Basalis

40
Q

Bruton & Wiskott aldrich are both x recessive. How are they different?

A

Bruton: decreased all immunoglobulins. Wiskott = increased IgA

Step 1 Rx (10 decks)

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