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Step 1 Rx > Deck 1 > Flashcards

Deck 1 Flashcards

1
Q

R sided valvular lesions, watery diarrhea and flushing?

A

Carcinoid. Secretes 5-HIAA

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2
Q

Macrocytic anemia with neuro problems?

A

Vit B12 (Folate deficiency doesn’t have neuro problems). Check pernicious anemia. LARGE GLOSSY TONGUE

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3
Q

How do you distinguish folate/ B12 deficiency

A

In addition to neuro signs, B12 - elevation of both methylmalonic acid and homocysteine. Folate is only incr. homocysteine

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4
Q

How do steroids act on hepatoreceptors?

A

Form hormone receptor complexes that are transported into nucleus and affect transcription

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5
Q

Syndrome with urinary incontinence, ataxia, dementia?

A

Normal pressure hydrocephalus. Expansion of ventricles

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6
Q

What does ondansetron do? How?

A

Anti emetic. Serotonin 5-HT3 antagonist

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7
Q

What factors cause atypical chest pain in STEMI? What are atypical presentations

A

What factors cause atypical chest pain in STEMI? abd pain, light headedness, syncope, nausea, dyspnea only

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8
Q

Muscle cramps and myoglobinuria?

A

McArdle dz. Deficiency of glycogen phosphorylase

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9
Q

Drug of choice for Herpes virus, or other DNA meningitits viruses

A

Acyclovir

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10
Q

What is the defect in MSUD?

A

a-ketoacid dehydrogenase. No branching AA like valine, leucine, isoleucine

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11
Q

Abdominal pain, diarrhea, non-caseating granuloma in bowel?

A

Crohns

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12
Q

Brain tumor with psammoma bodies

A

meningioma

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13
Q

Brain tumor with fried egg appearance

A

oligodendroglioma

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14
Q

Brain tumor with pseudopalisading cells

A

glioblastoma

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15
Q

Brain tumor with Homer wright rosettes

A

medulloblastoma

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16
Q

Brain tumor with perivascular rosettes

A

ependymoma

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17
Q

Side effect of inhaled corticosteroid

A

Oral thrush

18
Q

Down syndrome has higher risk of what blood disease

A

ALL (we ALL fall DOWN)- symptoms: fatigue, easy bruising, weight loss, fever

19
Q

How do you know its obstructive jaundice?

A

Incr. Alk phosphatase, incr. bilirubin, decr. Urobilinogen (leads to dark urine, light (acholic) stools)

20
Q

What damage can result from proximal humerus fracture

A

damage to axillary nerve - deltoid muscle atrophy (flattened shoulder)

21
Q

Increased PTT and reduced ristocetin-induced platelet aggregation

A

von willebrand disease- deficient vWF: adhesion of collagen to platelets, and carrier molecule for factor VIII

22
Q

Describe Chagas dz

A

myocarditis, achalasia, megacolon, megaureter. Transmitted by Triatoma bug

23
Q

Presentation of leukocyte adhesion disease

A

No CD18. Umbilical cord stump, common infections, neutrophilia, can’t make pus

24
Q

What chemo agent causes cardiotoxicity?

A

Doxorubicin. It is a DNA intercalater

25
Q

At what percent occlusion is stable angina observed?

A

75%

26
Q

What is side effect of drug used to treat AIDS radiculopathy (numbness, arreflexia, no urination)?

A

Ganciclovir- thrombocytopenia, neutopenia, leukopenia, hemolytic anemia, nephrotoxicity

27
Q

What are signs of nephrotic syndrome?

A

Proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipidemia, edema

28
Q

most common cause of nephrotic syndrome in kids?

A

Minimal change disease- weight loss, edema, and nephrotic symptoms. Treat with steroids

29
Q

What is Lambert Eaton syndrome?

A

Muscle weakness that improves w use (proximal/ face). Paraneoplastic problem with small cell lung carcinoma

30
Q

Signs of EBV?

A

Fever, pharyngitis, posterior cervical lymphadenopathy, circulating heterophile antibodies, hepatosplenomegaly

31
Q

What cells does EBV infect?

A

B lymphocytes- membrane bound IgM to CD21

32
Q

Warfarin acts on what clotting factors?

A

II, VII, IX, X, C, S (vit K dependent)

33
Q

Whats the defect in hereditary spherocytosis?

A

Genes that code specialized membrane: spectrin, ankyrin, band 3, protein 4.2. Get trapped in spleen –> tx is splenectomy

34
Q

What do you think of with old man, back pain, and incr. alk phos?

A

Metastatic cancer- more common than primary bone tumors. Often from prostate cancer

35
Q

IBS- what happens and what medication?

A

Diarrhea with stress, relieved with defecation, normal labs - loperamide

36
Q

Old women with new onset headaches and jaw pain?

A

Temporal arteritis- also fever, weightloss, scalp tenderness, vision loss. Elevated ESR. May also have polymyalgia rheumatica and pain in joints

37
Q

Whats a pancoast tumor?

A

Lung carcinomas (non-small cell) at apex of lungs. Can compress cervical ganglion and cause Horners. Check shoulder pain and can go to C8-T2 distribution, upper extremity edema, smoking Hx.

38
Q

Causes of left- right shunt?

A

Most common: VSD > ASD > PDA. Make machine like murmur. Are associated with “blue kids” vs. right>left “blue babies”

39
Q

Lung cancer most commonly producing ectopic ACTH (cushing)?

A

Small cell lung carcinoma

40
Q

Disease associated with HLA-B27 subtype?

A

PAIR: Psoriasis, Ankylosing spondylitis, IBS, Reiter syndrome

Step 1 Rx (10 decks)

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