*Dealing With Offending Behavior: Custodial Sentencing Flashcards
What is custodial sentencing?
Involves convicted offender spending time in prison, young offenders institute, or psychiatric hospital.
What are the four main aims of custodial sentencing?
- Deterrence
- Incapacitation
- Retribution
- Rehabilitation
What is the purpose of deterrence in custodial sentencing?
To discourage offenders from reoffending and to deter society at large.
Define incapacitation in the context of custodial sentencing.
Removing the offender from society to protect the public.
What does retribution entail in custodial sentencing?
Seeking revenge for the offense, proportionate to the crime (‘an eye for an eye’).
What is the goal of rehabilitation in custodial sentencing?
To reform offenders, improve their skills and knowledge, and provide treatment.
List some psychological effects of custodial sentencing.
- Stress and depression
- Increased risk of psychological disorders
- Institutionalisation
- Prisonation
What is recidivism?
Reoffending after a previous conviction.
What is the reported proven reoffending rate in the UK?
45%.
What factors influence reoffending rates?
- Time after release
- Age of offender
- Crime committed
- Country
What is the reoffending rate in Norway compared to the US?
Norway: as low as 20%; US: usually 60%+.
What are the limitations of custodial sentencing?
- Negative psychological effects on prisoners
- Inmates may learn to become better offenders
What did Bartol indicate about the psychological effects of prison?
Prison can be brutal, demeaning, and devastating.
What was the suicide rate among inmates in England and Wales in 2016?
119 inmates killed themselves, an increase of 29 from the previous year.
Who is most at risk for suicide in prison?
Young, single males within the first 24 hours of imprisonment.
