DE History: Imperialism Flashcards
Why would the US increase its foreign involvement?
to increase trade, take over regions, spread military, spread ideas of democracy
What is the monroe Doctrine
U.S. policy towards western hemisphere which warned europeans not to interfere in affairs of the western hemisphere
motives for imperialism
economic, cultural: feelings of superiority over other nations,
Who were imperialists
Republicans pro business
Military enhance prestige
Press sensational events sells newspapers
Missionaries spread christianity
Progressive reform/world improvement
Who were anti imperialists
Democrats focus on issues at home (william jennings bryan)
Anti imperialist league believed conquest was immoral
How to increase circulation of media?
Exaggeration, yellow journalism
Hawaii annexation
US farmers invested in sugar plantations in hawaii
McKinley tariff 1890
Raised tariff on sugar imported from outside the US including hawaii
Pushed to annex hawaii so they won’t have to pay the tariff
Hawaii became US territory, NOT STATE
Spanish american war
Spain still controls colonies: cuba, puerto rico, philippines
Spain’s colonies are revolting
Cuban rebels began revolution against spanish but fail
american plantations caught in the middle between cuban vs spanish conflict
high point of US imperialism: spanish american war causes
Cuba’s independence struggle
yellow press
de lome letter –> insulted president McKinley, citizens want to war with spain but McKinley doesn’t and then later he decides to ask congress to declare war
jingoism –> extreme patriotism, in the form of aggressive or warlike foreign policy
sinking of USS Maine (blamed on spain, but evidence found out that it wasn’t them)
Why does the US get involved in spanish american war?
Spain’s atrocity in cuba
Weyler sent to cuba to restore order
Weyler moved all the rural people out of houses into concentration camps and many died
US thoughts of spanish-american revolution
Protect american economic interests from being caught in crossfire of cuba’s rebellion against spain
US nationalism, have to fight because they believed spain blew up their ship
MAIN - military, alliance, imperialism,
Platt Amendment
conditions for withdrawal of US forces from cuba
US dominance over cuba, cuba cannot ally with other foreign countries, cuba’s alliance with US is permanent
all of this leads to increased conflict between US and cuba
Insular (Island) Supreme Court Cases from 1901 -
1903?
Constitutional rights don’t automatically extend to
territories
* The power to grant rights belonged to Congress
Roosevelt and panama canal
spanish american war brings two issues: US was ill to protect two coasts, US needed short cut between east and west coasts for economic and military reasons
solution: build a canal
- lots of disease + expensive
China’s open door policy
US economic diplomacy in China by Hay, stated trade with China should be open to all foreign countries with equal trade opportunities and rights.
secured US trade rights with china and chinese were unhappy leading to rebellion
Triggers of Imperialism
Manifest Destiny –> need for new outlets for expansion
Industrial revolution –> economy diversifies
Global Competition –> europe colonizes Africa, competition for trade in China
Motives for Imperialism? Political, Economical, Cultural
Political –> expand military, US becoming a world power
Economical –> more exports, sell more equipment and have countries rely on US for stuff
Cultural –> feeling of superiority over other nations
what does imperialism lead to
rivalry and competition for new territories and possessions fueled tension between european countries
Causes of WW1
M –> militarism
A –> Alliances
N - Nationalism
I - Imperialism
A –> assasination of austrian archduke Francis Ferdinand
who opposes US joining WW1
women, German americans, federal government stifles dissent