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dd 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Senate Special Committee
Investigating the Munitions
Industry

A

Investigatory committee formed in 1935 to evaluate the impact of
arms industries in bringing the United States into World War I

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2
Q

Security Council

A

United Nations council on which United States, Soviet Union, China,
France, and Great Britain had veto power

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3
Q

Schutzstaffel

A

SS

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4
Q

S.A.

A

Paramilitary arm of the Nazi Party formed in the 1920s; superseded
by the SS

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5
Q

ABDACOM

A

British, Dutch, Australian and American military command in
Southeast Asia created in January 1942; failed to respond effectively
in the Battle of the Java Sea

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6
Q

Afrika Korps

A

German force in North Africa led by Erwin Rommel; landed in Libya
in February 1941 and advanced rapidly into Egypt

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7
Q

Allied Control Council

A

Unified Allied authority charged with overseeing denazification in
Germany after the war

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8
Q

Big Four

A

Collective term for France, Great Britain, Italy, and United States, the
main negotiators of the World War I peace treaties

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9
Q

Blackshirts

A

Italian fascist militias; staged the March on Rome in October 1922

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10
Q

British Expeditionary Force

A

British military force sent to continental Europe to defend against
German invasion in 1940; evacuated via Dunkirk after Germany
overran most of France

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11
Q

Brownshirts

A

SA

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12
Q

Central Powers

A

Defeated alliance in World War I composed of Germany, AustriaHungary,
the Ottoman Empire, and Bulgaria

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13
Q

Chetniks

A

Serbian loyalist movement that resisted German occupation during
World War II

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14
Q

Chindits

A

Commando groups that infiltrated Japanese lines in Burma during
World War II

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15
Q

Conservative Party

A

Winston Churchill’s political party; voted out of office shortly before
the Potsdam Conference

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16
Q

Convention People’s Party

A

Gold Coast independence movement party founded by Kwame

Nkrumah

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17
Q

Einsatzgruppen

A

Mobile commandos formed after the Soviet invasion to exterminate
Jews behind frontlines

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18
Q

Entente

A

Victorious alliance in World War I composed of Great Britain, France,
Russia, Italy, Japan, Serbia, Belgium, and the United States

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19
Q

German Workers Party

A

Predecessor of the Nazi Party founded by Anton Drexler in 1919

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20
Q

Hitler Youth

A

Nazi group established after 1933 to inculcate Nazi ideology from
young

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21
Q

Imperial Cabinet

A

Japanese leadership that met on August 9, 1945 and agreed to

Japanese surrender after the atomic bombing of Nagasaki

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22
Q

International Red Cross

A

Requested to investigate the Katyn Forest massacre by the Polish
government in exile, for which Stalin severed ties with the
organization

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23
Q

Jewish Councils

A

Puppet Jewish administrations formed in Nazi ghettos

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24
Q

Jewish Fighting Organization

A

Leading Warsaw ghetto resistance movement led by Mordecai

Anielewicz; participated in the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising

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25
Jewish Military Union
Warsaw ghetto resistance movement with ties to the Polish Home Army
26
Joint Army and Navy Board
American committee that developed war plans in 1903
27
Joint Planning Board
American committee that developed Rainbow Plans in 1939
28
Labour Party
British political party voted into office in 1945, shortly before the Potsdam Conference
29
League of German Girls
Nazi group established after 1933 to inculcate Nazi ideology from young
30
London Poles
Anti-communist government in exile of Poland
31
Lublin Poles
Soviet-supported government of Poland
32
Luftwaffe
German air force; disbanded under the Versailles Treaty; played a major role in the Battle of Britain involving dogfights with the RAF and bombing of London
33
Malayan Communist Party
Independence movement in Malaya that fought against British rule; attacks prompted declaration of Malayan Emergency in 1948
34
National Fascist Party
Italian fascist party established in 1921; led by Benito Mussolini
35
National Socialist German | Workers Party
German party led by Hitler that carried out anti-Semitic policies and later the Holocaust; launched World War II with the aim of creating a global Aryan empire
36
Nationalist
Chinese faction led by Chiang Kai-Shek; governed China in the 1930s; fought Japan in World War II in an uneasy alliance with the Communist forces, the Second National Front; subsequently lost the Chinese civil war
37
Nye Committee
Senate Special Committee Investigating the Munitions Industry
38
Political Department
German military branch that ordered Adolf Hitler to monitor the German Workers’ Party in 1919
39
Qing Dynasty
Last dynasty of China whose heir Pu Yi became Manchukuo ruler in 1931
40
red army
soviet army
41
Reich Security Main Office
Nazi German agency led by Reinhard Heydrich overseeing Jewish roundups in Poland
42
royal air force
British air force; won the Battle of Britain
43
Yamamoto Isoroku
Japanese admiral who planned Pearl Harbor attack and invasion of Midway Island; led surface fleet in latter attack; subsequently withdrew Japanese fleet after the battle for Guadalcanal; shot down over Papua New Guinea after Operation I in April 1943
44
Woodrow Wilson
American president; participated in Versailles peace conference in 1919; sought “peace without victory”, democracy, and selfdetermination; advocated formation of League of Nations
45
Winston Churchill
Prime minister of Great Britain; succeeded Chamberlain in 1940
46
William Slim
Lieutenant General; commander of British Fourteenth Army in Burma
47
William Halsey
American admiral; commanded convoy involved in the Doolittle Raid; ordered the B-25s' early launch on April 18; Third Fleet commander in Operation Forager
48
Wilhelm Keitel
Defendant in the Nuremberg trials
49
Werner von Braun
German scientist who developed the V-1 and V-2 missiles with Walter Dornberger; given refuge in United States after World War II
50
Walter Ulbricht
Eastern European communist leader given safe passage to the Soviet zone of occupation after World Wari II
51
Walter Dornberger
German scientist; developed V-1 and V-2 missiles with Werner von Braun
52
Vladimir Lenin
Leader of the Russian Revolution; died in 1924
53
Vittorio Orlando
Italian leader; participated in Versailles peace conference in 1919
54
Victor Emmanuel III
King of Italy; invited Mussolini to form a government in October 1922 after the March on Rome; had Mussolini arrested on July 25, 1943 after the Allies invaded Sicily
55
Ushijima Mitsuru
Japanese general; led defense of Okinawa
56
Tomoyuki Yamashita
Japanese general charged with atrocities in the Philippines after World War II in the IMTFE; led Japanese offensives in 1942
57
Syngman Rhee
President of the provisional government of the Republic of Korea; dictator of South Korea
58
Sukarno
Independence movement leader in Indonesia
59
Subhas Chandra Bose
Indian nationalist; founded the pro-Axis Azad Hind and Indian National Army; killed in plane crash over Taiwan
60
Simon Bolivar Buckner
American commander of Operation Iceberg
61
Schuschnigg
Chancellor of Austria; resigned after Germany invaded in 1938 to install Nazi factions within Austria in power
62
Saboru Kurusu
Japanese representative who signed the Tripartite Pact
63
Rudolf Hess
Defendant in the Nuremberg trials
64
Robert Maddox
Historian who criticized Gar Alperovitz's interpretation of the atomic arms race
65
Richard Wagner
Father-in-law of Houston Chamberlain; prominent German composer and anti-Semite
66
Reinhard Heydrich
Chief of Reich Security Main Office; leading administrator of the Holocaust
67
Raymond Spruance
American admiral; led fleet in the Battle of Midway; Fifth Fleet commander in Operation Forager
68
Raphael Lemkin
Polish-Jewish lawyer; first used the term genocide to describe the Holocaust in 1944
69
Radhabinod Pal
Representative of India at the Tokyo War Crimes Trial; criticized the court's bias towards the prosecution
70
Pu Yi
Last ruler of China's Qing dynasty; installed as Manchukuo ruler following the Japanese invasion of 1931
71
Pietro Badoglio
Italian marshal; replaced Mussolini as prime minister in July 1943; secretly opened negotiations with Allies
72
Philipp Scheidemann
German chancellor who resigned over the terms of the Treaty of Versailles
73
Omar Bradley
American commander who led Operation Cobra, the 1944 offensive aiming to break the stalemate in Normandy
74
Nomura Kichisaburo
Japanese admiral appointed ambassador to United States in February 1941; represented moderate views on the war
75
Neville Chamberlain
British Prime Minister who instituted the policy of appeasement at the Munich conference, for which he received much criticism and eventually resigned in favor of Winston Churchill after Germany invaded Denmark and Norway in 1940
76
Muhammad Ali Jinnah
Muslim leader of independent Pakistan
77
Mohandas Gandhi
Independence leader of India; led the Quit India movement; inspired Kwame Nkrumah’s Convention People’s Party
78
Massahru Homma
Japanese general charged with crimes against humanity after World War II in the IMTFE
79
Martin Bormann
Defendant in the Nuremberg trials; sentenced to death in absentia and whose body was found in Berlin in 1972
80
Mark Clark
Commander of the American Fifth Army; directed landings at Salerno, southern Italy, in September 1943
81
Marc A. Mitscher
American navy captain; skipper of the USS Hornet involved in the Doolittle Raid
82
Mao Zedong
Leader of Chinese Communist forces; fought Japan in World War II and subsequent defeated Nationalist Chinese forces in 1949
83
Mamoru Shigemitsu
Japanese foreign minister; signed Japanese surrender document on USS Missour
84
Louis Mountbatten
Admiral and British Lord; overall Allied commander in the BurmeseIndian theater
85
Leslie Groves
American brigadier general; oversaw the Manhattan Project
86
Pierre Laval
French government minister who succeeded Edouard Daladier after the Winter War; prime minister of Vichy France; tried for treason after World War II
87
Kwame Nkrumah
Gold Coast independence leader; founder of the Convention People's Party; first prime minister and president of Ghana
88
Kuribayashi Tadamichi
Lieutenant General who led the Japanese defense of Iwo Jima
89
Kim Il-Sung
Communist leader of North Korea
90
Karl Dönitz
German admiral named in Hitler’s last testament as his successor; surrendered on May 7
91
Kaiser Wilhelm II
Last ruler of Germany; abdicated on November 9, 1918
92
Jurgen von Arnim
German commander; defended the western Atlas Mountains in 1943
93
Julius Streicher
Defendant in the Nuremberg trials
94
Joseph Stalin
Soviet Union’s leader after 1924; established totalitarian state, purging political rivals in show trials; articulated philosophy of “socialism in one country” allied with Germany to divide Poland in 1939
95
Joseph Arthur, Comte de | Gobineau
Early proponent of Social Darwinism; wrote Essay on the Inequality of the Human
96
Josef Tito
Leader of the communist partisan resistance to German occupation of Yugoslavia; post-war leader of the country
97
Josef Mengele
Nazi German doctor who oversaw human experimentation in | concentration camps
98
John Lucas
Field commander of joint Allied landing at Anzio in January 1944

24otigjeflbklksjglw (10 decks)

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