days 4 - 5

Question 1

catabolism

Answer 1

breakdown of molecules for energy and useful small molecules (building blocks)

Question 2

anabolism

Answer 2

uses energy to fuel biosynthesis of molecules that form the cell (macromolecules)

Question 3

oxidation

Answer 3

the removal of electrons from a substance (usually the removal of hydrogen atom + addition of oxygen atoms). results in a RELEASE of energy

Question 4

reduction

Answer 4

the addition of electrons to a substance (usually adding hydrogen atom and loss of an oxygen atom). REQUIRES energy

Question 5

the more reduced a molecule, the BLANK potential energy it has

Answer 5

MORE

Question 6

the more oxidized a molecule, the BLANK potential energy it has

Answer 6

LESS

Question 7

cellular resperation reaction

Answer 7

glucose + 6O2 —— 6CO2 + 6H2O

Question 8

substrate elevel phosphorylation

Answer 8

glycolysis + pyruvate processing + citric acid cycle

Question 9

oxidative phosphorilation

Answer 9

electron transport chain + oxidative phosphorilation (last step)

Question 10

stages of glycolysis (not steps)

Answer 10

1. energy investment
2. cleavage of sugars
3. energy generation

Question 11

a. consumed for glycolysis

b. products of glycolysis

c. net products from glycolysis

Answer 11

a. glucose, 2 ATP, 2NAD+

b. 2 pyruvate, 4 ATP, 2NADH

c. 2 pyruvate, 2 ATP, 2 NADH

Question 12

after glycolysis pyruvate goes through either BLANK resperation or BLANK

Answer 12

arobic resperation, fermentation

Question 13

the 2 products of fermentation

Answer 13

lactate or ethanol

Question 14

where does piruvate processing and the citric acid cycle occur?

Answer 14

mitochondrial matrix

Question 15

where does the electron transport chain occur

Answer 15

inner mitochondrial matrix

Question 16

products of piruvate processing (per 1 pyruvate, 2 pyruvates made per 1 glucose)

Answer 16

Acetyl CoA

Question 17

what happens in the citric acid cycle

Answer 17

Acetyl CoA tranfers acetate to oxaloacetate to make citrate

Question 18

yeild of citric acid cycle (per 1 pyruvate, 2 pyruvates per glucose)

Answer 18

3 NADH
1 FADH2
1 ATP

Question 19

proton motive force

Answer 19

VERY strong force due to gradient (concentration and membrane potenential) accross the inner mitochondrial matrix. gradient maintained by Na+/K+ pump (net + intermembrane space and net - in mitochondrial matrix)