Day 4 - Laws, Engines, FLT Controls Flashcards
How does a side stick input get relayed to the control surfaces?
Electrically controlled but hydraulically activated
What 2 control surfaces can be mechanically controlled?
THS and Rudder. The cable moves a hydraulic valve which in turn moves the control surfaces
How many spoilers and slats do you have on each wing?
5 spoilers on each wing (10 all together)
5 slats on each wing (10 all together)
ELAC stands for?
How many ELACs?
Elevator Aileron Computer
2 ELACs
What are ELACs used for?
Normal Elevator and Stabilzer control and Aileron control
What does SEC stand for?
How many SECs are there?
Spoiler Elevator Computer
3 SECs
What are SECs used for?
Spoilers control, and Standby Elevator, and Stabiliser Control
What does FAC stand for?
How many?
Flight Augmentation Computers
2 FACs
What are FACs used for?
Electric Rudder control
What does FCDC stand for?
How many?
Flight Control Data Concentrators
2 FCDCs
What does the FCDCs do?
Acquire data from the ELACs and SECs and send it to the electronic instrument system (EIS) and Centralised Fault display system (CFDS)
What are the control modes of the electrically-controlled, hydraulic servo jacks?
What do these modes mean?
Active - The jack is electrically controlled
Damping - The jack follows surface movement
Centering - the jack hydraulically locked in the neutral position
What is aileron droop?
When flaps are extended, the ailerons deflect 5 degrees down to provide extra lift
If the ground spoilers are armed, and the wheel speed exceeds 72kts, the ground spoilers will auto extend as soon as…?
Both thrust levers are set to idle
If the ground spoilers are not armed and the wheel speed exceeds 72kts, the ground spoilers will automatically extend as soon as…?
Reverse is selected on one engine (the other thrust lever remains at idle)
(Landing) With speed brake lever not in the retract position (1/2 deflection or full) or ground spoilers armed… The ground spoilers will auto extend fully when what conditions are met?
- both main landing gears on ground
- both thrust levers at or below idle position, or reverse selected on at least one engine (and the other thrust lever below MCT position)
(Landing) With the speed brake lever in the retracted position but ground spoilers not armed… The ground spoilers will auto extend fully when what conditions are met?
- both main landing gear on ground
- reverse selected on at least one engine (and the other thrust lever below MCT position)
Max roll rate in normal law?
15 degrees/second
What are the 5 normal law protections?
Load Factor
Pitch Attitude
High AoA
High Speed
Bank Angle
What protections do you have in alternate law (with protections)?
Load factor protection plus high speed and low speed stabilities
Pitch attitude protection limits in CONF 0, 1, 2 and 3?
Pitch attitude protection limits in CONF FULL?
30 degrees nose up in CONF 0 to 3 (progressively reduced to 25degree at low speed)
25 degrees nose up in CONF FULL (progressively reduced to 20degrees at low speed)
15 degrees nose down for all CONFs
At what attitude will the FDs disappear?
When will they reappear?
25 degrees up or 13 degrees down.
They’ll reappear below 22up and 10 down
How to tell if you’re in alternate law?
Amber crosses at attitude and bank angle limits
Alternate law (without protections) offers what protection?
Load factor only
How to tell when you’re in direct law?
Amber crosses for attitude and bank angle limit, plus “Man pitch trim only” in Amber on PFD
How to tell when you’re in mechanical law?
“MAN pitch trim only” will show in red on the PFD
What protections do you get in direct law?
None
Max bank angle?
67 degrees. But 33 degrees for normal law flight path stability
When do you get Alpha Prot?
In normal law
Can you go into Alpha Prot in normal law?
Yes, but not with auto pilot engaged
How many flap positions?
- These include 0, 1, 2, 3, FULL
Alpha lock does what?
Prevents slats from retracting above a specific speed and AoA limit
Where is VSW in direct law?
Where is VLS in direct law?
Top of red and black blocks
Top of amber line
Priority right take over button gives what indications?
Press and hold for 40secs does what?
Red arrow pointing right on CPT side, FO in green on the FOs side and an aural warning.
Locks the other pilot out
If you lose all flight computers, what law are you in?
In this law, what control surfaces do you have remaining?
Mechanical law
You only have THS and rudder mechanically operating hydraulic valves
What does SFCC stand for?
How many?
Slat and Flap Control Computer
2 SFCCs
If we lose 1 SFCC, what impact does this have on flap operation?
Half speed operation
What does solid red on the speed tape indicate in normal law?
Alpha Max
Top of the amber blocks on the speed tape in normal law?
Top of amber line on speed tape in normal law
Alpha Prot
VLS
Where is VSW in alternate law?
Where is VLS in alternate law?
Top of red/black blocks
Top of amber line
How many FADECs are there?
2 - channel A and B
Can the FADEC still operate in the event of a power failure?
Yes. The engines have an alternator which powers the FADEC
How many igniters are used to start the engine in normal conditions?
After 1 engine start attempt, how many igniters are used to start the engine?
After each start attempt, what is the fuel required to start reduced by as a %?
How many starts will the FADEC attempt in a start sequence?
1
2
7%
4
Engine start process?
LP fuel valve opens
Airflow (engine start valve opens)
16% N2 - ignition
22% N2 - fuel introduced (hp valve opens)
EGT increases
50% started and igniters cut off
What are the 3 idle engine modes?
Modulated, approach, reverse
What is modulated idle?
In flight when flaps are retracted and on the ground without reverse thrust selected.
It is regulated according to bleed system demand and ambient conditions
Approach idle is?
Regulated according to aircraft altitude regardless of bleed system demand. Selected in flight when the flaps are extended. It revs slightly higher allowing lower spool up times
What is reverse idle?
Is selected on the ground. Increases thrust slightly when reverse idle is selected
What’s the time limit for 2 engine TOGA?
What’s the time limit for 1 engine TOGA?
5 mins
10 mins
2 engine thrust lever range?
Single engine thrust lever range?
Idle to climb
Idle to MCT
Electrical power priority
Aircraft Generator (engine driven)
GPU on
APU
Oil burn?
0.5 quartz per hour
How do the FADEC channels work?
1 active channel and another channel standby
What is in the HMU?
Fuel flow control, fuel hydraulic actuators and over speed protectors
FADEC protections?
Hot start
Hung start
Wet start (failure to light up)
Surge (stall)
Where does thrust come from?
N1 (70%)
Turbine (30%)
What does the FADEC us to calculate thrust?
N1 (fan speed)
If you turn off the engine master switch in flight, how does the engine physically shut down?
By closing the hi and low pressure fuel
Does engine master need confirmation to shut down?
Yes
Where do you see N1 and N2?
E/WD engine warning display
What does FADEC mean?
Full Authority Dual Engine Control
What is the red temp on the engine EGT gauge?
950 degrees C
Max EGT for MCT?
915 degrees C
Does MCT have a time limit?
No
EGT limit when operating MCT? And time limit
915 degrees C with no time limit
What is the minimum oil temp before takeoff?
-10 degrees
What is the maximum operating altitude with the slats and or flaps extended?
20,000 ft
