Day 15-Start of Exam 2 (Typical Cervical Vertebrae C3-C6; Atypical Cervical Vertebrae C1/Atlas) Flashcards
What nerve indents the articular pillar of typical cervical vertebrae?
the medial branch of the dorsal ramus of a cervical spinal nerve
What is the classic angulation of typical cervical articular facets?
40 to 45 degrees from the coronal plane
Recent work suggests what angulation for typical cervical articular facets?
55 to 60 degrees
What is the orientation of the typical cervical superior articular facet?
backward, upward, medial (BUM)
What is the orientation of the typical cervical inferior articular facet?
forward, lateral, downward (FoLD)
What muscles will attach to typical cervical articular processes?
the longissimus capitis, longissimus cervicis, semispinalis capitis, semispinalis cervicis, multifidis and rotators
What muscles blend with the capsular ligament of cervical zygapophyses?
the semispinalis capitis, multifidis, and rotator longus
What is the joint classification for the typical cervical zygapophysis?
synovial plane (diarthosis arthrodia) joint
What will influence spinal kinematics?
geometry of articular facets, mechanical properties of connective tissue, mechanical properties of muscle
The greatest range of flexion-extension among the typical cervical vertebrae occurs at which vertebral couple?
typically C5/C6
What motions are coupled in the cervical spine?
lateral bending and axial rotation
Ranges of coupled motion among the typical cervical vertebrae will begin to decrease at what cervical vertebral couple?
the C5/C6 vertebral couple
What is the usual condition for the Caucasian typical cervical spinous process?
they are bifid
What is the usual condition for the African-American typical cervical spinous process?
they are non-bifid
What muscles may attach to the typical cervical spinous process?
the spinalis cervicis, semispinalis cervicis, semispinalis thoracis, multifidis, rotators, and interspinalis
What is the name of the first cervical vertebra?
atlas
What features are lacking at C1?
vertebral body, pedicles, a spinous process and the intervertebral disc
What muscle attaches to the anterior arch of C1?
longus colli
What ligaments will attach to the anterior arch of C1?
the anterior longitudinal, anterior atlanto-occipital, and anterior atlanto-axial ligaments
What is observed on the back of the anterior arch of C1?
the fovea dentis
What is the morphology of the superior articular facet of C1?
they are elliptical, closer together in front and often demonstrate an elevation subdividing the facet surface into two separate surfaces
What is the orientation of the superior articular facet of C1?
backward, upward, medial (BUM)
What are the morphological characteristics of the inferior articular facet of C1?
asymmetrical, slightly concave or flattened
What is the orientation of the inferior articular facet of C1?
backward, medial, downward (BadMD)
What muscles attach to the lateral mass of C1?
levator scapula, splenius cervicis, and rectus capitis anterior
