Data Management

Question 1

What is BIM?

Answer 1

Building Information Modelling is an intelligent 3D model-based process that gives construction professionals the insight and tools to more efficiently plan, design, construct and manage buildings and infrastructure

Question 2

What are the levels of BIM?

Answer 2

Level 0 – unmanaged CAD
Level 1 – Managed CAD in 2D or 3D
Level 2 – Managed 3D environment with data attached but in separate discipline models
Level 3 – Single, online project model with construction sequencing, cost and life-cycle management information

Question 3

What dimensions of BIM are there?

Answer 3

1. 2D
2. 3D
3. 4D – includes time/programme info
4. 5D – includes cost info
5. 6D – includes FM info

Question 4

What is a BIM federated model?

Answer 4

A BIM model compiled from several different BIM models from different disciplines into one

Question 5

What is a common data environment?

Answer 5

Single source of information for the project, used to collect and manage documentation, graphical model and non-graphical data for whole project team. Helps facilitate collaboration and avoid duplicates and mistakes

Question 6

What is the Data Protection Act (2018)?

Answer 6

• Incorporates EU GDPR into UK law
• DPA 2018 controls how personal information is used by firms, groups and the government
• Everyone responsible for using personal data must follow strict rules, the ‘data protection principles’
• Information must be used fairly, lawfully and transparently
• Prevents people/groups holding or using inaccurate information
• Personal data must be kept safe and secure
• Requires data user or holder to register with Information Commissioner
• Provides subjects with legal right to check the information groups hold on them

Question 7

What are the General Data Protection Regulations (2018)?

Answer 7

• The aim of the GDPR is to protect all EU citizens from privacy and data breaches in our data-driven world
• Applies across EU but each member state can make its own small changes, in UK via DPA 2018
• Applies to personal data so any info relating to an identifiable person who can be directly or indirect identified by someone else using the data
• Data must be processed lawfully, fairly and transparently, key clauses include
• Right to Access – subjects can obtain data from data controllers and understand what is being collected
• Right to be Forgotten – subjects can request that all data be erased by the data controller

Question 8

How do the acts differ?

Answer 8

• DPA 2018 is a complete data protection system: in addition to governing general data governed by GDPR it also governs general data, legal enforcement data and national security data
• Also exercises several agreed modifications to GDPR to make it work for UK including areas such as academic research, financial services and child protection

Question 9

What are their penalties?

Answer 9

10m EUR (£8.5m) or 2% of global turnover (whichever is higher) for breaches such as:
• Failing to notify authority about a personal data breach
• Failing to implement organisational measures to ensure data protection

20m EUR (£17m) or 4% of global turnover (whichever is higher) for breaches such as:
• Basic principles of processing
• Provision of data subject’s rights
• Provisions relating to data transfers outside of the EEA

Question 10

GDPR data breaches - who to inform?

Answer 10

When a company experiences a serious data breach it must without undue delay and where feasible within 72 hours of becoming aware of it inform the Information Commissioner’s Office (ICO)

Question 11

What is G&T’s data protection policy?

Answer 11

• We have formal document issued to all employees
• Details about our Data Protection Officer (DPO)
• All data is password protected, no data to be shared on personal devices
• Physical documents dissuaded
• Have phased out Dropbox and we.transfer, now use GT Share for sharing documents
• Data subject requests must be sent to DPO
• Personal data destroyed after certain dates/milestones

Question 12

What is the Freedom of Information Act (2000)?

Answer 12

Act of parliament which provides public access to information held by public authorities in the UK by:
• Public authorities are obliged to publish certain information about their activities
• Members of the public are entitled to request information from public authorities