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AICP Prep > Data Collection > Flashcards

Data Collection Flashcards

1
Q

Survey

A

Method used for observing data that cannot easily be observed. Sample of the population.

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2
Q

Cross-Sectional Survey

A

At a single point in time

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3
Q

Longitudinal Survey

A

Over a period of time

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4
Q

Written Survey

A

Good for broad audience, less than 20% response rate.

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5
Q

Group Survey

A

Specific target population, small sample size, quick response rate.

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6
Q

Drop-Off Survey

A

Smaller sample size, lower response rate, expensive.

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7
Q

Oral Survey

A

1) Phone - good for yes/no questions and follow up. 2) In-person.

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8
Q

Online Survey

A

Inexpensive, quick response time.

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9
Q

Sample

A

Part of a population.

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10
Q

Probability Sample

A

Used for direct correlation between a sample and the larger population - can draw direct conclusions from this type.

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11
Q

Random

A

(Probability) Everyone has equal chance of being selected for survey.

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12
Q

Stratified

A

(Probability) Population is divided and then sampled.

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13
Q

Cluster

A

(Probability) Specific target group sampled from.

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14
Q

Non-Probability

A

No precise connection between sample and population

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15
Q

Volunteer

A

(Non-Probability) Self-selected respondents

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16
Q

Convenience

A

(Non-Probability) Individuals readily available

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17
Q

Snowball

A

(Non-Probability) Interviewee suggests others to be other potential respondents

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18
Q

VGI

A

(Non-Probability) Respondents enter information on web map

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19
Q

Nominal Data

A

Categories. Mutually exclusive groups (have no bearing on each other)

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20
Q

Ordinal Data

A

Ranked. Order matters but not the difference between the values (scales)

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21
Q

Interval Data

A

Continuous. Order matters and so does the difference between the vaules (temperature)

22
Q

Ratio

A

Absolute and relative differences have meaning (distance)

23
Q

Variables: continuous v. discrete

A

Continuous: infinite (can be + or -)
Discrete: finite (+ or binary)

24
Q

Population

A

Totality of some entity

25
Q

Sample

A

Subset of population

26
Q

Descriptive satistics

A

Applying mean, median, range, mode to describe a population

27
Q

Inferential statistics

A

Using probability to determine characteristics

28
Q

Distribution

A

Shape of the data

29
Q

Gaussian Distribution

A

Bell curve - 95% of data is within 2 standard deviations of the mean

30
Q

Systemic Distribution

A

Equal number above and below the mean

31
Q

Skewed Distribution

A

More below or above the mean

32
Q

Central Tendency

A

Representative value for distribution (mean, median, mode)

33
Q

Z-Score

A

Standard deviation units.

34
Q

Inter-Quartile Range

A

Value between the 25th percentile and 75th

35
Q

T-Test

A

Difference between the means of two data sets.

36
Q

ANOVA

A

Analysis of variance - testing equality by classifying groups

37
Q

Chi Square Test

A

Goodness of fit. Tests sample and hypothesized distribution - determine if one variable is related to another

38
Q

Bivariate

A

Correlation is not causation - linear relationship

39
Q

Population Estimate: Linear

A

Change in population over time

40
Q

Population Estimate: Exponential & Modified Exponential

A

Percentage change extrapolated into the future - curved line

41
Q

Population Estimate: Symptomatic

A

Uses data indirectly related to population (i.e. drivers licenses, housing)

42
Q

Population Estimate: Step-Down Ratio

A

Uses population at known point in time as compared to larger city/county

43
Q

Population Estimate: Distributed Housing Unit

A

Uses housing units multiplied by occupancy rate

44
Q

Population Estimate: Cohort Survival

A

Current population plus natural increases (birth/migration)

45
Q

Economic Base

A

Basic + non-basic activities
Basic = exported
Non-basic = local

46
Q

Location Quotient

A

Industry’s share of local employment divided by share of the nation (>1 means exporting economy)

47
Q

Shift Share

A 
Employment growth by sector.
National (share)
Industry (mix)
Regional Competitiveness (shift)
- = lagging sector; + = leading sector
48
Q

Input-Output

A

Based on suppliers & purchasers

49
Q

Gompertz Curve

A

Growth is slowest at the beginning and end.

50
Q

Satisfice

A

Making a decision when all of the information is not available.

AICP Prep (16 decks)

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