Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

T3- Cardio respiratory > Dani - ch 14, 15 > Flashcards

Dani - ch 14, 15 Flashcards

1
Q

blood vessels of the body form a ____ loop system that begins and ends at the ___

A

closed

heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

everything but capillaries, all BV walls have __ layers

A

3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

3 layers of blood vessel walls are called ___

A

tunics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

___ is the inner channel within the blood vessel tubing that contains the blood

A

lumen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

where blood is actually contained in a blood vessel

A

lumen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

tunica ____: contains the endothelium that lines the lumen

A

intima

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

tunica intima: forms a slick surface that ___ friction

A

minimizes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

tunica ___: circularly arranged smooth muscle and layers of elastic fibers

A

media

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

tunica media: regulates ___ and ___ of vessels and usually is the ___

A

vasoconstriction
vasodilation
thickest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

tunica ___: mainly collagen fibers that protect and reinforce the vessel

A

externa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

tunica externa: contains ___ fibers, ___ vessels, and tiny blood vessels called ___ ____ to nourish the external tissues of the blood vessels

A

nerve
lymphatic
vasa vasorum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

blood circulation divided into 2 circulations

A

peripheral circulation

pulmonary circulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

peripheral circulation: blood flow to all tissues in the body except the ___

A

lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

arteries carry ___ blood and veins carry ___ blood

A

oxygenated

deoxygenated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

pulmonary circulation: blood flow through the ___ to exchange ___ for ___

A

lungs
CO2
O2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

pulmonary arteries carry ___ blood and pulmonary veins carry ____ blood

A

deoxygenated

oxygenated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

___ are the largest and most elastic vessels on the arterial side to move blood away from the heart under high pressure

A

arteries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

high pressure in the arteries to ___ blood

A

deliver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

arteries branch down into smaller ____

A

arterioles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

blood pressure ___ rapidly into the arterioles from the arteries

A

decreases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

arterioles have strong ___ walls so are able to ____ and ___ in response to tissue needs

A

muscular
vasocontrict
vasodilate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

arterioles branch down to ___

A

capillaries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

capillaries are the ___ vessels, the walls are __ cell thick

A

thinnest

one

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

pressure is __ in the capillaries so that ___ and __ exchange can occur

A

decreased
gas
nutrients

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

capillaries branch to ___ which branch to ___

A

venules

veins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

there is ___ pressure in the veins so the walls are ___ but the lumen is ___

A

little
thinner
larger

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

the larger lumen allows the veins to serve as a ____ for blood

A

reservoir

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

veins are highly ____ so can expand and contract

A

expandable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

pulmonary circulation contains ___% of the bodies blood

A

16

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

heart contains ___% of the bodies blood

A

7

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

lungs contains ___% of the bodies blood

A

9

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

systemic system contains ___% of the bodies blood

A

84

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

arteries contains ___% of the bodies blood

A

13

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

arterioles and capillaries contains ___% of the bodies blood

A

7

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

venules and veins contains ___% of the bodies blood

A

64

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

arteries are ___ reservoir

A

pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

arterioles resistance vessels that control blood ___

A

distribution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

capillaries are ___ sites

A

exchange

39
Q

venules and veins are blood _____

A

reservoirs

40
Q

____ ___: moving from high pressure to low pressure

A

pressure gradient

41
Q

__ ___: the volume of blood flowing though the vessels, organs or the entire system in a given period

A

blood flow

42
Q

tissues regulate blood flow based on ___

A

need

43
Q

___ ___: blood flows at a steady stream though a smooth vessel because each layer of blood remains the same distance from the vessel wall

A

laminar flow

44
Q

laminar flow - blood in the center flows ___ than outer layers

A

faster

45
Q

laminar flow exhibits a ___ profile

A

parabolic

46
Q

___ ___: occurs when blood flow is fast and/or the blood passes over a rough surface or an obstruction.

A

turbulent flow

47
Q

turbulent flow means that blood begins forming ___ reulting in eddy currents

A

whorls

48
Q

___ __ = force per unit area exerted on the vessel wall by the contained blood

A

blood pressure

49
Q

blood pressure is measured in ____

A

mmHg

50
Q

arterial pressure fluctuates between ___mmHg (SBP) and ___mmHg (DBP)

A

120

80

51
Q

capillary pressure ranges from a high of ___mmHg on the arteriole side and __mmHg on the venule side

A

35

15

52
Q

___: the opposition of flow

A

resistance

53
Q

resistance is a measure of the ___ blood encounters as it passes through the vessels

A

friction

54
Q

most friction is encountered in vessels (arteries and arterioles) away from the heart = ____ resistance

A

peripheral

55
Q

resistance of the entire systemic circulation = ___ ___ resistance

A

total peripheral

56
Q

the longer the vessel, the ___ the resistance

A

GREATER

57
Q

if diameter is equal, if you double the length, you ___ the resistance

A

double

58
Q

length increases while you ___

A

grow

59
Q

largest change to resistance to flow occurs in the _____; where the muscle layer can change the diameter to ___ or ___

A

arteriole
vasodilate
vasocontrict

60
Q

change in blood vessel diameter is based on the ___ ___ law

A

fourth power

61
Q

fourth power law: diameter of a vessel doubles, flow does not double, it increases by the power of ___

A

four

62
Q

parallel blood vessels are ____ in diameter, the vessels are ____ and not much muscle so resistance is ___ thus flow is ___

A

smaller
smoother
lower
fast

63
Q

parallel blood vessels ___ total peripheral resistance

A

LOWER

64
Q

___ ___: resistance to flow is affected by the thickness of blood (viscosity)

A

blood viscosity

65
Q

normal blood is ___-___ times the viscosity of water

A

3-4

66
Q

the more viscous the blood, the more ___ to flow

A

resistance

67
Q

blood is made up of two major components

A

plasma

formed elements

68
Q

__: the percentage of blood made up of RBCs

A

hematocrit

69
Q

blood viscosity is fairly constant but conditions like ___ and ____ can affect viscosity which affects ____ to flow

A

anemia
polycythemia
resistance

70
Q

ohm’s law:

- blood flow is ___ proportional to the difference between two points of blood pressure in circulation

A

directly

71
Q

blood flow is ___ proportional to peripheral resistance

A

inversely

72
Q

ohm’s formula

F = ___/___

A

difference in pressure/resistance

73
Q

resistance has ___ of an effect on flow than difference in pressure

A

MORE

74
Q

____: the ability of a blood vessel to become stretch, expanded, or dilated due to an internal pressure

A

distensability

75
Q

the blood vessels are able to dilate because of layers of ___ between the layers of smooth muscles

A

elastin

76
Q

the wall of the arteries are able to stretch but they are much ___ than the walls of veins

A

stronger

77
Q

the wall of veins are ___ times ___ distensible than the walls of the arteries

A

8

moer

78
Q

___: deals with the ability to stretch and the total quantity of blood that can be stored in a given vessel for each mmHg of pressure

A

compliance

79
Q

compliance = ____ x ____

A

distensability x volume

80
Q

systolic and diastolic blood pressure are measured in the ___ artery

A

brachial

81
Q

___ ___: difference between systolic and diastolic blood pressure

A

pulse pressure

82
Q

pulse pressure reflects ___

A

compliance

  • distensibility
  • volume
83
Q

___ ___ ___: meaurement that reflects the pressure that propels the blood to the times

A

mean arterial pressure

84
Q

more time is spent in diastole so the mid point between SBP and DBP is closer to the ___ BP

A

diastolic

85
Q

during low or moderate exercise, MAP is the ___

A

midpoint

86
Q

high intensity exercise, MAP is closer to ___ BP

A

systolic

87
Q

___% of all blood volume is in the venous side of circulation at rest

A

64

88
Q

when blood is lost and arterial pressure begins so fall, pressure sensitive areas of circulation signal the CNS to release hormones via the ___ NS which signal the veins to ____

A

SP

constrict

89
Q

with __-__% of blood lost, the circulatory system functions ___

A

20-25

normally

90
Q

___ ___: every time a person takes a step, a certain amount of blood is pumped back to the heart

A

venous pump

91
Q

skeletal muscles surrounding the deep veins push blood upward and one way valves prevent ___

A

backflow

92
Q

____ ___: when the valves in the venous system become incompetent

A

varicose veins

93
Q

varicose veins: veins can be overstretched by excessive venous pressures such as during ___

A

pregnancy

94
Q

varicose veins: cross-sectional area of the vein increases but the valves do not increase in size so the ___ do not close the vein off completely

A

leaflet

T3- Cardio respiratory (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions