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T3- Cardio respiratory > 1. Chapter 10 Excitation of the hearth and Cardiac conduction > Flashcards

1. Chapter 10 Excitation of the hearth and Cardiac conduction Flashcards

Ch 10 excitation of the heart Ch 11Normal ECG Ch13 Cardiac arrhythmia s: 28

1
Q

Name the normal impulse conduction pathway

A

SA Node–> AV Node –> AV bundle –> R&L bundle branches –> Purkinje fibers

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2
Q

Where is there a delay seen in the impulse transmission

A

AV delay

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3
Q

____ pacemaker is located somewhere other than the SA node and causes an abnormal seq of events as noted on an ECG

A

ectopic pacemaker

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4
Q

SA node has an intrinsic rate of ___ beats/min

A

70-80

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5
Q

AV node has an intrinsic rate of ____ beats/ min

A

40-60

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6
Q

Purkinje fibers have an intrinsic rate of ____ beats/ min

A

15-40

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7
Q

PS stim comes from (3) factors

A

Vagus N
AcH
Innervates SA and AV

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8
Q

SP stim comes from (3) factors

A

NE

incr. rate of conduction
incr. force of contraction

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9
Q

P wave reps ______

A

atrial depolarization

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10
Q

QRS compex reps_______

A

ventricular depolarization

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11
Q

T wave reps ______

A

ventricular repolarization

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12
Q

On an ECG paper what are the units for the vertical reading and horizontal reading

A

horizontal: sec
Vertical: mV

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13
Q

QT interval represents

A

ventrical depaolarization and repolarization

from right before the Q dip to after the T hump

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14
Q

before stim the external cells of the M are ___ charged and the internal cells are ___ charged

A 
ext= pos. 
int= neg
  • when it becomes depolarized, Neg charges leak to the outside making it neg
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15
Q

____node triggers cardiac impulse

A

SA node

aka Sinus node

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16
Q

Bradycardia is HR at _____bpm

A

<60 bpm

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17
Q

c.c. __________sx: baroreceptors in carotid sinus are super sensitive and mild pressure on neck has baro. reflex

A

carotid sinus sx

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18
Q

carotid sinus sx _______ in carotid sinus are sensitive and slow down HR

A

baroreceptors

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19
Q

baroceptor reflex will cause an increase in _____ stim

A

vagal

20
Q

tachycardia has a bpm of ____

A

> 100bpm

21
Q

Catachycardia is a cause of ____ reflex to increase HR to pump more blood out

A

SP reflex

22
Q

c.c. ___ arrhythmia that is influenced by parallel vagus N activity during breathing

A

Sinus arrhythmia

  • characterized by irregular distance btw T wave and P wave
23
Q

Name (3) abnormal sinus arrhythmias

A
  1. sinus bradycardia
  2. tachycardia
  3. sinus arrythmia
24
Q

Name the (4) arrhythmias from block of impulse within conduction pathway

A
  1. sinoatrial block
  2. first degree heart block
  3. second degree “ “
  4. third degree block (complete AV block)
25
Q

c.c._____ the impulse is blocked before it enters the R atria so no P wave present .

A

sinoatrial block

  • AV node becomes pacemaker
  • QRS are evient but slow
26
Q

c.c_____ condition where the AV node becomes the pacemaker. There is no P wave

A

Sinoatrial block

  • QRS are eviedent but slow
27
Q

_____degree heart block is when the P-R interval is >0.2

A

First degree heart block

- incomplete heart block bc the signal is delayed rather than totally blocked

28
Q

c.c.______ causes inflammation of the AV node. This condition can cause first degree heart block

A

acute rheumatic heart disease

29
Q

What is a “dropped beat”

A

absence of a QRS & T wave

30
Q

c.c.___ when the P-R interval is 0.25-0.45

A

Second degree heart block.

  • some impulses pass through the AV bundle but others do not causing “dropped beats”
31
Q

c.c.___ block: complete lack of synchronization btw atria and ventricles

A

complete AV block

  • PP interval consistent
  • QRS & T is dissociated
32
Q

c.c.____ block complete AV block

A

third degree block

33
Q

c.c ___sx is a complete AV block that comes and goes. Causes fainting

A

Stokes adams syndrome

34
Q

tx for stokes adams sx

A

pacemaker to R ventricle

35
Q

_______ ventricules excitability is suppressed bc ventricles have been driven at rate greater than natural rhythm (stokes adams sx)

A

over drive suppression

36
Q

______: occurs woth an AV node or AV bundle stim (15-40bpm) since there is a block in the SA node
(stokes adams sx)

A

ventricular escape

37
Q

premature contractions are a results of ____

A

ectopic foci

38
Q

Name (4) causes of ectopic foci

A
  1. local areas of ischemia
  2. irritation of cardiac M
  3. toxic irritation from drugs, caffeine, or nicotine
  4. mech initiation of PVC during catheterization of R ventricle
39
Q

pulse deficit can occur in PACs bc ____do not fill so SV decr.

A

ventricles

40
Q

re-entrant pathway occurs when an impulse ___ and results in a self perpetuating impulse formation

A

loops

  • can cause atrial flutter
41
Q

______: the affected atria contracting at a rate of 200-350 bpm bc of re-entry wave

A

atrial flutter

  • not all ventricles are stim. QRS every few
42
Q

_____: activation of atria is irregular and CHAOTIC so atria bc useless

A

atrial fibrillation

  • cause: atrial hypertrophy
43
Q

____: premature contraction originate in one of the jxns

A

jxn rhythms

  • P wave occurs late so it occurs in QRS
  • distorts QRS, inverts it
44
Q

____: P wave travels backward into atria

In Jxn rhythms

A

retrograde direction

45
Q

_________: condition where QRS has abnormal form bc one side depolarizes ahead of the other. T wave is inverted

A

Premature Ventricular contractions (PVCs)

46
Q

c.c______: ventricules are stim to contract at 120bpm. re-entrant stim leads to circular activation

A

ventricular tachycardia (V-tach)

  • cause by ischemia or myocardial infraction
47
Q

c.c.______: ventricular depolarization occurs CHAOTICALLY so some parts contract while others are relaxed so little blood pumped out of heart

A

Ventricular Fibrillation (V-Fib )

T3- Cardio respiratory (8 decks)

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