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T3- Cardio respiratory > Dani - ch 10,11,13 > Flashcards

Dani - ch 10,11,13 Flashcards

1
Q

normal impulse conduction

A

SA –> AV –> bundle of His –> bundle branches –> purkinje fibers

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2
Q

SA –> AV time

A

.03

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3
Q

AV delay time

A

.13

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4
Q

AV bundle –> purkinje time

A

.17

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5
Q

transmission to ventricular muscle

A

.21 on right

.22 on left

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6
Q

___ ___ = prominent pacemaker

A

SA node

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7
Q

intrinsic rate of __-__ beats/min for the SA

A

70-80

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8
Q

__ ___ = back up pacemaker

A

AV node

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9
Q

intrinsic rate of __-__ beats/min for the AV

A

40-60

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10
Q

___ ___: back up pacemaker to the AV

A

purkinje fibers

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11
Q

intrinsic rate of __-__ beats/min for the purkinje fibers

A

15-40

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12
Q

___ ___ = located somewhere other than SA node and causes an abnormal sequence of events as noted on an ECG

A

ectopic pacemaker

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13
Q

___ ___: block between SA and AV node

A

heart block

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14
Q

PS stimulation

  • ___ nerve
  • ____ (Neurotransmitter)
  • innervate ___ and __
A

vagus
ACh
SA;AV

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15
Q

Sym stimulation

  • ____ (Neurotransmitter)
  • ___ rate of conduction
  • ___ force of contraction
A

NE
increase
increase

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16
Q

SA –> AV initiates the ___ ___

A

p wave

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17
Q

R and L bundle branches –> purkinje fibers initiates the ___ ___

A

QRS complex

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18
Q

p wave = ___ ___

A

atrial depolarization

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19
Q

QRS complex = ___ ___

A

ventricular depolarization

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20
Q

T wave = ___ ___

A

ventricular repolarization

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21
Q

S-T segment is before the ___ of ventricles

A

repolarization

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22
Q

electrical impulses arrives in the ___

A

septum

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23
Q

strong electronegativity on the insides of ___

A

ventricles

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24
Q

strong electropositivity on ____ ___

A

outer walls

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25
Q

current flows in an ___ pattern from base to apex

A

elliptical

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26
Q

___ ___ triggers cardiac impulse

A

sinus node

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27
Q

____ = abnormal rhythm of the pacemaker

A

arrhythmias

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28
Q

____ = slow heart

A

bradycardia

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29
Q

bradycardia is present in athletes who have ___ SV

A

increase

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30
Q

___ ___ syndrome = baroreceptors in carotid sinus are super sensitive and mild pressure on neck has barareceptor reflex which slows HR

A

carotid sinus syndrome

31
Q

___ = fast heart

A

tachycardia

32
Q

bradycardia = less than ___ bpm

A

60

33
Q

tachycardia = more than ___bpm

A

100bpm

34
Q

conditions that increase HR

A 
exercise
fever
stress
shock
blood loss
weakened myocardum
35
Q

tachycardia cause a ___ reflex to increase HR to pump more blood out

A

sympathetic

36
Q

___ ___: the sinus rhythm is influenced b parallel vagus nerve activity during breathing.

A

sinus arrhythmia

37
Q

sinus arrhythmia = irregular difference between __ and __ wave

A

T

P

38
Q

Sinoatrial block: the impulse is blocked before it enters the R atria so no ___ ___ present

A

P wave

39
Q

sinoatrial block = ___ ___ becomes pacemaker

A

AV node

40
Q

sinoatrial block = QRS and T are there but are ___

A

slowed

41
Q

1st degree heart block = P-R interval more than ___; referred to as “incomplete” heart block because the signal is ____

A

.20

delayed

42
Q

acute rheumatic heart disease - causes inflammation of ___ node

A

AV

43
Q

second degree heart block - when P-R interval is ___-___

A

.25-.45

44
Q

second degree heart block - some impulses pass through the AV bundle but others do not causing ___ ___

A

drop beats

45
Q

second degree heart block - p wave is present but no ___ or ___

A

QRS

T

46
Q

second degree heart block - failure of conduction system from ___ to ___

A

atria

ventricles

47
Q

third degree heart block - complete lack of ___ between atria and ventricles

A

synchronization

48
Q

third degree heart block - ventricles spontaneously establish own ___

A

signal

49
Q

third degree heart block - P-P interval is consistent but there is a dissociation with ___ and ___

A

QRS

T

50
Q

stokes adams syndrome - complete __ block comes and goes

A

AV

51
Q

stokes adams syndrome - ventricles stop contracting for 5-30 seconds because of ___-___ ___

A

overdrive suppression

52
Q

stokes adams syndrome - person faints due to lack of ___ ___

A

blood flow

53
Q

stokes adams syndrome - ____ implanted in RV

A

pacemaker

54
Q

premature contraction result from ___ ___

A

ectopic foci

55
Q

causes of ectopic foci -

local areas of ____

A

ischemia

56
Q

causes of ectopic foci -

____ of cardiac muscle

A

irritation

57
Q

causes of ectopic foci -

- toxic irritation from ___, ____ and ___

A

drugs
caffeine
nicotine

58
Q

causes of ectopic foci -

- mechanic initiation of PVC during catheterization of ___ ___

A

RV

59
Q

premature atrial contractions -
caused by
- lack of ___
- too much ___, ____, ___ and various types of ____

A 
sleep
coffee
smoking
alcoholism
drugs
60
Q

___ ___ can occur with PACs because ventricles do not fill so SV decreases

A

pulse defecit

61
Q

___ ___ - the affected atria contracts at a rate of 200-350 bpm because of re-entry wave

A

atrial flutter

62
Q

atrial flutter - signals reach ____ too quickly for all impulses to be passed on to the ventricles

A

AV

63
Q

atrial flutter - both the av node and av bundles are in a ___ period during many of the impulses

A

refractory

64
Q

atrial flutter - p waves are strong but ___ and ___ follow ever 2-3

A

QRS

T

65
Q

___ ___: activation of atria is irregular and chaotic so atria becomes useless as a primer pump for the ventricles - efficiency drops by 2-30%

A

atrial fibrillation

66
Q

atrial fibrillation causes include ___ resulting from valve dysfunctions that prevent emptying or from ventricular failure because of damming of blood

A

hypertrophy

67
Q

premature ventricular contractions - QRS has an ___ form because 1 side depolarizes ahead of the other

A

abnormal

68
Q

premature ventricular contractions - t wave is ____

A

inverted

69
Q

ventricular tachycardia - contract over a rate over ___bpm

A

120

70
Q

ventricular tachycardia - caused by ___ or __ ___

A

ischemia

myocardial infarction

71
Q

ventricular tachycardia - can quickly lead to ___ ___

A

ventricular fibrillation

72
Q

___ ___ - ventricular depolarization occurs chaotically so some parts contract while other parts are relax so little blood pumped out of heart

A

ventricular fibrillation

73
Q

ventricular fibrillation: has multiple re-entry loops from a __ heart muscle or if ___

A

Dilated

diseased

T3- Cardio respiratory (8 decks)

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