D14: Canine reproductive features

Question 1

number of chromosomes in a dog?

Answer 1

Number of chromosomes: 78(39 pairs)

Question 2

blood groups of dogs?

Answer 2

Blood groups:
-> DEA 1.1 (A1),
-> DEA 1.2 (A2),
-> DEA7 (Tr)
etc etc

Question 3

what is the breeding cycle of a bitch?
what are the 4 phases of the breeding cycle?

Answer 3

Long breeding cycle (heat lasts 4-8 months)

4 phases:
-> Proestrus
-> Estrus (day 10 - 15, spontaneous ovulaiton)
-> Metestrus/diestrus (long luteal phase: approx 60 days).
-> Anestrus (long phase aslo)

Question 4

is a bitch mono or diestrus?

Answer 4

Sexually mono-/dioestrus
BOTH!

Question 5

age of puberty in dog and bitch?

Answer 5

female (bitch): 7-18 months (1.5-2 years or 3. oestrus),

male : 12 months (10-14), sex dimorphism not well expressed

Question 6

how can a breeder / vet detect heat?

Answer 6

Symptoms, behavior, acceptance
Vaginal cytology
Vaginoscopy
Progesterone/ LH measurements
Vaginoscopy, Cytology (keratinization)

Question 7

what are the signs of heat?

Answer 7

vaginal bleeding

Question 8

gestation length of a bitch?

Answer 8

Gestation length: 61-63 days

Question 9

normal litter size?

Answer 9

Litter size: 3-12 (high variance)

Question 10

length of lactation?

Answer 10

50 days

Question 11

is pseudopregnancy common?

Answer 11

Pseudopregnancy and false lactation
are typical and occurs frequently!

Question 12

how to diagnose pregnancy?

Answer 12

Pregnancy diagnosis: palpation, sonography , above 20 days)

Question 13

when does reproduction decline occur?

Answer 13

from 6 years old

Question 14

normal life span of a dog?

Answer 14

10 - 15 years

Question 15

what are common reproductive disorders?

Answer 15

• Vaginal prolapse.
• Vestibular hyperplasia during heat.
• Cystic hyperplasia of endometrium in prolonged heat.
• Pyometra (common in final phase of most reproductive disorders).