Cytotoxic/Antineoplastic drugs Flashcards
Cancer - key concepts
Caused by cells mutating abnormally
Can be genetic
Age related - UV radiation - exposure to carcinogens
Mast Cell Tumours release histamine in blood and lymph - spreads cancer cells
Cancer - development
Cells DNA is mutated - cell divides and all daughter cells have the same mutation
Define - oncology
study and treatment of tumours
Define - angiogenesis
development of new blood vessles
define - metastasis
spreading of cancerous cells to other organs
define - benign
doesn’t spread - not harmful - can still causes issues
define- Melignant
spreads and infects adjacent tissues
define - apoptosis
death of cells which occurs as normal and controlled part of organism growth
define - mitosis
Cell division that results in identical daughter cells
define - Cytotoxic drugs
drugs will KILL or INHIBIT the growth of rapidly dividing cells, including tumour cells
Define - antineoplastic drugs
Drugs which are specifically used to kill cancerous or neoplastic tissues (also cytotoxic)
Define - CHEMOTHEROPY
treatment of an illness with medications
- the medical treatment of cancer
Who should not handle chemotherapy agents
Immuno-suppressed people
Pregnant people
Special precautions for patient
Label kennel Cytotoxic bins PPE - gowns, gloves, masks Stringent cleaning protocol Seperate equipment - bowls, bedding, leads Own ward?!
Aditional care needed at home
Advise owners of risk PPE for drugs (atopica) Wash bedding seperatly from own Advise how to administer tablets Do not EAT/DRINK/CHEW gum while administering tablets
Cancers treated with chemotherapy
Lymphoma
Myeloma (plama cells)
Some Leukaemias (blood cells/bone marrow)
Define - primary treatment
Sole treatment of cancerous cells
Define - adjuvant chemotheraphy
treatment given following surgery when margins weren’t big enough or metasities is present