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NT - supporting supply of veterinary medicines > Anti-Epileptics > Flashcards

Anti-Epileptics Flashcards

1
Q

Seizure causes

A 
Hypoglycaemia
Epilepsy - idopathic
Toxicity
Increased InterCranialPressure - Syringomeyela - Hydrocephalius - Trauma
GA reaction - drugs
Hypoxia
Heat Stroke
Pyrexia
Distemper
Brain tumours
Meningitis
Eclampsia (Calcium deficiency in welping bitches)
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2
Q

Define Seizure

A

Over stimulation of the neurons

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3
Q

Nursing seizuring patients

A

Remove stimulation
Will bite - muzzle
Remove owners from the room

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4
Q

define - Status epilepitcus

A

Constant seizures

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5
Q

define - cluster seizures

A

partial recovery between multiple seizures

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6
Q

Phenonbarbitone - examples

A

Epiphen
Phenoleptil

POM V - Schedule 3 controlled drug

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7
Q

Phenonbarbitone - action

A

increases the seizure threshold and inhibits the spread of the seizure activity in the brain.
Acts on GABA and AMPA receptors leading to reduced neuronal excitability

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8
Q

Phenonbarbitone - side effects

A 
Patients can become tolerant - blood tests necessary 
Sedation - temporary 
Ataxia
Polyphagia
Polydipsia
Polyuria
Raised liver enzymes
Excitement and hyperactivity
Possible trigger for pancreatitis
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9
Q

Diazepam - example

A

Vallium

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10
Q

Diazepam - uses

A

Used for emergency treatment of status epilipticus

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11
Q

Diazepam - action

A

penetrates the blood brain barrier and binds to GABA receptors - inhibits the nerve impulses

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12
Q

Diazepam - routes of administration

A

Intravenously
Orally - less effect due to first pass effect
Rectal

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13
Q

Diazepam - side effects

A

Animals can build a tolerance if used continually
Unmasking of learnt behaviours (can become aggressive)
Painful on IM injection

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14
Q

Potassium Bromide - examples

A

Epilease - Libromide

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15
Q

Potassium Bromide - uses

A

used along side other anti-epileptic treatments

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16
Q

Potassium Bromide - side effects

A 
Toxicity 
Vomiting
Sedation
Ataxia
Increased thirst and appetite
Increased risk of pancreatitis
17
Q

Imepitoin - example

A

Pexion

18
Q

Imepitoin - action

A

acts on GABA receptors

19
Q

Imepitoin - uses

A

used for management of epileptic seziures due to idopathic epilepsy in dogs.
more rapid onset then phenobarbitone

20
Q

Imepitoin - side effects

A 
SEdation
Polyphagia
Hyperactivity
PU/PD
Drowsiness (somnolence)
Hypersalivation
Emsis (Vom)
Ataxia
Diarrhoea
Prolapsed nictitating membrane
Decreased sight
Decreased sensitivity to sound

NT - supporting supply of veterinary medicines (8 decks)

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