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Histology Exam 1 > Cytology And Gametogenesis > Flashcards

Cytology And Gametogenesis Flashcards

1
Q

What is the study of the anatomy, physiology, pathology, and chemistry of the cell?

A

Cytology

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2
Q

What is the medium inside the limits of the cells where organelles are located?

A

Cytosol

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3
Q

What is composed of cytosol and organelles?

A

Cytoplasm

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4
Q

What is the mitochondria important for?

A

Energy production

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5
Q

What are the 3 parts of the mitochondria?

A

Outer smooth membrane, matrix, and inner rough membrane

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6
Q

What are these the main functions of: Oxidative phosphorylation (adp to ATP), respiratory chain, and Krebs cycle?

A

Mitochondria

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7
Q

What type of cells lack mitochondria’s?

A

Prokaryotes

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8
Q

What part of the cell reproduces via autonomous division, known as fission?

A

Mitochondria

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9
Q

Where are the endoplasmic reticulum found?

A

Throughout the cytosol

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10
Q

What is the surface of the RER covered in?

A

Ribosomes

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11
Q

What does the RER form?

A

The nuclear membrane

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12
Q

What does the surface of the SER lack?

A

Ribosomes

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13
Q

What part of the ER produces enzymes for lipid synthesis/metabolism?

A

SER

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14
Q

What 2 things does the Golgi apparatus connect?

A

ER and cell membrane

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15
Q

What does the Golgi apparatus produce?

A

Polysaccharides

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16
Q

What stores products from the SER and RER, such as proteins and triglycerides?

A

Golgi apparatus

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17
Q

What does the golgi form to export its products, and SER and RER products?

A

Zymogen granules

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18
Q

The Golgi forms lysosomes, what are lysosomes full of?

A

Enzymes for digestion

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19
Q

What cells have numerous amounts lysosomes?

A

Neutrophils- immune system cells

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20
Q

What epithelium has numerous amounts lysosomes?

A

Renal tubular epithelium

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21
Q

What has the 3 functions of structure, transport, and movement?

A

Cytoskeleton

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22
Q

What part of the cytoskeleton makes tubulin proteins?

A

Microtubules

23
Q

What does the cytoskeleton have that is the base for flagella and cilia?

A

Centriole

24
Q

Besides acting as a base, what 2 things do centrioles assist in?

A

Cell reproduction and mitotic spindle

25
Q

What is the cytoskeleton made of?

A

Microfilaments

26
Q

What are actin, myosin, vimentin, and cytokeratin examples of?

A

Microfilaments

27
Q

What does a membrane, chromatin, and a nucleolus make up?

A

Nucleus

28
Q

What has the functions of regulating protein synthesis and contains/transfers genome?

A

Nucleus

29
Q

What part of the nucleus disappeared during cell division?

A

Membrane (envelope)

30
Q

What type of permeability does the nucleus membrane have?

A

Selective

31
Q

What is the chromatin made of?

A

DNA and proteins

32
Q

What is a type of nucleus chromatin that is dispersed and in use?

A

Euchromatin (EC)

33
Q

What type of nucleus chromatin is condensed and non in constant use?

A

Heterochromatin (HC)

34
Q

What does the chromatin turn into after cell division, and shape change?

A

Chromosomes

35
Q

What is the the site of assembly for ribosomal RNA?

A

Nucleolus

36
Q

Are large or small nucleoli present in fast growing and reproductive cells?

A

Large nucleolus

37
Q

What is the development of gametes?

A

Gametogenesis

38
Q

What are the 2 gametogenesis?

A

Spermatogenesis and oogenesis

39
Q

When does spermatogenesis begin?

A

With sexual maturity

40
Q

When stem cells divide (mitosis), what is the result?

A

A and B spermatogonia

41
Q

What is the result of spermiogensis?

A

Make spermatids to spermatozoa

42
Q

What is made of: Condensed nucleus,
Acrosome with enzymes= hyaloronidase and Cathepsin: break through ovum’s radiata up the head of spermatozoa?

A

Head of spermatozoa

43
Q

What makes up the neck of the spermatozoa?

A

Centrioles and mitochondria

44
Q

What is made of 9 pairs of microtubules and 1 central pair?

A

Tail of spermatozoa

45
Q

When does oogenesis begin?

A

In utero

46
Q

What is needed to complete meiosis 2 for oogenesis?

A

Fertilization

47
Q

What do proteins, lipids, hydrocarbons, and glycolipids and glycoproteins make up?

A

Plasma membrane

48
Q

What part of a cell has fluid mosaic?

A

Plasma membrane

49
Q

What part of the cell has transport mechanisms: diffusion, channel, and carrier or pump?

A

Plasma membrane

50
Q

What is an example of microvilli on plasma membrane?

A

Small intestinal mucosal cells

51
Q

What is an example of a glycocalyx on plasma membrane?

A

Endothelium

52
Q

What is an example of a intermembranous junction in the plasma membrane?

A

Epidermal cells’ desmosomes

53
Q

What is the result of rRNA + proteins?

A

Ribosome

54
Q

What migrates to the Cytosol through nuclear pores?

A

Ribosomes

Histology Exam 1 (25 decks)

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