Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Histology > Cystology > Flashcards

Cystology Flashcards

1
Q

What is the plasma membrane made of ?

A

phospholipids + proteins + cholesterol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the function of cholesterol?

A

maintains fluidity + increases stability

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the function of glycoproteins?

A

provide shape, cell adhesion, signaling + transport

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the function of glycolipids?

A

stabilize the membrane structure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the function of the rough ER?

A

protein translation + polypeptide formation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the function of the smooth ER?

A

steroid hormone production + detox

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the function of the golgi apparatus?

A

protein modification + sorting (post office of cell)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the function of lysosomes?

A

enzymatic break-down of cellular material

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the function of endosomes?

A

transport extracellular material

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the function of peroxisomes?

A

degrade fatty acids + toxins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the name of the inner membrane fold in mitochondria? What is the function?

A

cristae; increases surface area for increased formation of ATP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is mitochondria stained with?

A

rhodamine 123 (immunocytochemical stain)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the difference between smooth and rough ER?

A

rough: has ribosomes needed for protein translation -> results in polypeptide
smooth: NO ribosomes -> found in gonads + liver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the golgi apparatus composed of?

A

stack of cisternae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is a lysosomal storage disease?

A

Tay-sachs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the type of lysosomes?

A

phagocytosis -> phagolysosome
endocytosis -> endolysosome
autophagy -> autophagolysosome

17
Q

What does the residual body contain?

A

leftover material that COULD NOT be broken down

18
Q

Endosomes contain material from what?

A

phagocytosis, pinocytosis, and receptor-mediated endocytosis

19
Q

What membrane bound organelle contains oxidases?

A

peroxisomes

20
Q

What is energy released from oxidation converted into?

A

heat

21
Q

Where is the site of ribosome production?

A

nucleolus

22
Q

What are the non-membrane bound organelles?

A
  1. microtubules, microfilaments, intermediate filaments -> part of cytoskeleton
  2. centrioles -> cell division + microtubule organization center
  3. ribosomes -> protein translation + synthesis
23
Q

What type of subunits make up microtubules?

A

alpha and beta -> form dimers -> form protofilaments

24
Q

Are alpha subunits on the plus or minus end?

A

minus end

25
Q

Are beta subunits on the plus or minus end?

A

plus end (growth of microtubule is the fastest on this end)

26
Q

Where does the microtubule assembly start from?

A

microtubule organization center = 1 centrosome

27
Q

What are microfilaments made of?

A

globular g-actin formed into filamentous f-actin

28
Q

Which end of the microfilament is the fast growing end?

A

plus end

29
Q

Which end of the microfilament is the slow growing end?

A

minus end

30
Q

When does polymerization into filaments occur?

A

when g actin > critical conc.

31
Q

What are the cytokeratins found in the epithelium?

A

type 1: acidic
type 2: basic

32
Q

What is the function of centrosomes?

A

nucleation site for the formation of microtubules -> MTOC

33
Q

What is the function of molecular motors?

A

move organelles + other structures within a cell

34
Q

What are the major types of molecular motors?

A

kinesin, dynein, and myosin

35
Q

What are the functions of kinesin?

A
  1. binds microtubules
  2. moves anterograde = AWAY from nucleus -> towards plus end (beta subunit)
  3. motor protein
36
Q

What are the functions of dynein?

A
  1. binds microtubules
  2. moves retrograde = TOWARDS nucleus -> towards minus end (alpha subunit)
  3. role in ciliary + flagellar movement
37
Q

What are the functions of myosin?

A
  1. binds microfilaments
  2. moves anterograde = AWAY from nucleus -> towards plus end
38
Q

How are secondary lysosomes made?

A
  • formed by fusion of primary lysosomes and phagosomes
  • formed by sites of active digestion of phagocytosed materials

Histology (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions