Cystic Fibrosis- Genetic Conditions

Question 1

Recessive

Answer 1

Heredity- Study of inheritance
Inheritance- Passing of characteristics determined by parents genes
Genotype- Combination of alleles in organism
Phenotype- Appearance of organisms genotype
Dominant gene- One dominant gene in genotype
Recessive gene- Observed in phenotype
Heterozygous- One dominant + one recessive
Homozygous Dominant- 2 dominants
Homozygous Recessive- 2 recessives
Alleles- Pair of gene characteristics
Monohybrid inheritance can be shown using Punnett

Question 2

Proteins

Answer 2

Amino acid- Monomer of protein
R group- Which amino acid is formed
COOH- Carboxyl group OH. H2N- Amine group gives H away- condensation. Glycine- R group=H. Arginine= CH2. Cytosine= CH2-SH- bisulfide bonds. Joining amino acids- O=C, H-N peptide bond.

Primary protein structure- Sequence of chain of amino acids- peptide.
Secondary- Local folding of polypeptide chain into Alpha Helix + Beta pleated sheets- peptide + hydrogen bonds
Tertiary- 3D folding pattern due to side chain interactions- peptide =, hydrogen, ionic, Disulfide bonds
Quaternary- Protein consisting of more than one amino acid chain

EVERY PROTEIN HAS THE SAME STRUCTURE

Question 3

DNA Replication

Answer 3

Hydrogen bonds are weak + easily broken
Guanine and Adenine are both purine bases do not bond. Would increase DNA width.
C-G A-T
Prokaryotic DNA is circular + shorter than eukaryotic. In cytoplasm
Eukaryotic DNA is wrapped around histones, then coiled and looped to form linear chromosomes