cynics,stoics,and epicurus Flashcards
What do the cynics believe for each tier
what do you think? what are virtues and vices
bronze (not many goods, one meal a day,live in a barrel or on ground)
silver (few friends, honor is yopur own notion, no tiles awards or statuses)
gold ( intellectual desire, no math,cosmology,theology)
think on the second part
explain why the cynics believe that you dont need excessive knowledge
you only need enough to achieve self reform, not in excess(they are minimalists)
antisthanes lifestyle
He chose to live in poverty, he followed what socrates did exactrly rather than plato. he went to the cathedral and talked to people like socrates did
he belived in virtue
it can be taught and the virtuous are noble
did everything out in the open
does diogones respectfully follow antisthanes teachings
yes, he is just far more eccentric
examine the choice of hipparchia becoming a cynic? was her life improved? would it be right to rais children in the stoic manner?
Hipparchia is notable for being one of the few women philosophers of Ancient Greece. Drawn to the doctrines and the self-imposed hardships of the Cynic lifestyle, Hipparchia lived in poverty with her husband, Crates the Cynic.
Entering into marriage is a traditional social role that Cynics would normally reject; yet with her marriage to Crates, Hipparchia raised Greek cultural expectations regarding the role of women in marriage, as well as the Cynic doctrine itself.
their marrage was a spectacle
i think that she liked her life
i dont think its wrong, but i do think its odd
critically examine diogenes meeting with alexamder
they meet and are polar opposites.
Alex offers him anything and Diogenes only asks for him to move.
alexanter has absolutely every outer posssession imaginable, diogones has absolutely nothing
alwex does not have internal peace, he is broken and alone internally and diogenes is content
emphasis on the internal desires
examine diogones being sold into slavery.
what cynic virtues of the cynics he uses
is cynacysim a shortcut to virtue?
Diogenes is captured and sold into slavery. on the ship he is used to living off nothing and is fine with the little food. he uses the Socratic method to get food to the slaves as well.
he responds that his technae is ruling men. he then insults a purple coat and is bought by him to govern his children
the cynics enyoy teh little things in life and put little value into material and hard to aquire goods. thsi makes acchievinga good and virtuous life easy
what does epictatus say is in our power
- our own opinion and judgement on something
- our impulse and reactions
- our desires
- our aversions
what does epictatus say is not in our power
- the body (age, illness,death)
- our property(material goods subject to dammage)
- reputation(what people think of you)
- office (the position your father had)
discuss epictatus definiton of freedom. is his redifining correct?
he gives examples of high class paid prostitutes beings slaves in a way and even royalty being slaves.
freedom: no longer being bothered by someone giving or taking something from you. then you are truly free.
to be free you must control your desires
why does epictatus think that socrates and diogones are truly free
they are no longer enslaved to their desires. they are content within themselves and
freedom: no longer being bothered by someone giving or taking something from you. then you are truly free.
ASK
what is the stoic method for examining impressions
- paya ttention to the minute and realize when you are having an impression
- watch how you react
- consider this
- apply the rule of reason
impressions can be good, bad or neither
we can condition ourself to have impressions by the above method
the night watchmen and the tax collector?
this is a stoic analogy for the importance of the faculty of choice for an impression
teh tax collector rigeopusly checks the coin to make sure of its authenticity, he checks weight, sound, color etc.
similarly
night watchment will rigerously check a person trying to get into a gate
both have consequences, thus should be sure. similarly impulses and impressions should be checked just as rigerously
should the faculty of choice be rigerously cultivated as the stoics do ?
force or oblige (someone) to do something. and the stoics practice choices to make sure that they are actually free they deal with impulses and makes sure that you are not subsonciously making the choice
examine the stoics position on emotion.
what roll do you think emotions should have?
the stoics view emotion as a roller coaster of ups and downs
they are neglectful of the importance of emotion
emotions cloud the judgement. dont follow them
i believe that having emotions and following them are different. i think that emotions are a neciciary part of being human…
what is epicurus’ definiton of pleasure?
is this right?
or is the standard view of hedonism right?
epicurus defines pleasure as the absence of pain.
this is an uncommon view because it is from the negative side..
we are surrounded by pain so the absence of it feels nice. we dont actually experience true pleasure. thus we must practice
dictionary a feeling of happy satisfaction and enjoyment.
think on which is right
what is epicurus philosophy of pleasure
we are surrounded by pain so the absence of it feels nice. we dont actually experience true pleasure. thus we must practice
follow the simple pleasures from teh garden
- healthy natural food
- prudent moral life
- good friends
talk about epicuris garden
this is how he judges things in his life
natural necessary (food, drink) natural unnecessary (sex, fleeting pleasure) unnatural unnecessary (candy)
explain epicutus quote “death means nothing to us”
- all good and evil consists in sensation
- death is the infinite deprivation of sensation
- if death lacks sensation and pleasure is absence of 4.evil than death is either nothing or pleasure.
why is pleasure the best life for the human being according to Epicurus
we dont need more than simple pleasures to be happy
why is more better?
maximizing pleasure is the best because it gets rid of eveil and hurt
a new form of minimalism.
discuss epictatus standards for freedom
one is free if they are not coerced(force or oblige (someone) to do something.) impeded (stopped from doing something) or compelled (more of a guilt compellation, but still persuaded)
what is the faculty of choice and whose was it
stoics
this is the idea that you can choose the impressions that you have
and thusly your aversions and attractions
determinism
the belief that everything is predetermined (Stoicism)
summary of Stoic philosophy
The goal of life is virtue. Virtue is living in accordance with nature. To live in accordance with nature is to live reasonably, in accordance with the way things are.
founder of stoicism
zeno
summary of Epicurean philosophy
The goal of life is pleasure. Not all pleasures are equal; some pleasures are attended by pain. To live well is to cultivate the pursuit and enjoyment of stable, durable, and unmixed pleasure.
who was the first cynic
antisthanes
antisthanes summary
He was a student of Socrates and a colleague of Plato. When Greece fell and Socrates died he decided on a life of simplicity. He did not want to die and be the center of attention like Socrates.
According to Epicureans, what is the good?
Pleasure, the absence of pain.
What is virtue according to the stoics?
1) Good without qualification
2) Life according to nature
3) Reasonable and completely natural
4) Requires training and discipline
Stoic moral theory
1) The highest good is right volition
2) Every act is chosen and voluntary and you are responsible for your desires
3) There is no moral luck; it’s in your control
4) Suffering is an error and there is no reason to feel guilty for it; you must improve and gain knowledge
how is modification of desire as the modification of self made hedonist in epicurus
epicurus lived his life looking for a life full of pleasure(absent of pain)
he made his decisions on this using the natural necicartlythging
he followed his virtues
epicurian desires
- simple pleasures
- healthy simple food and shelter
- prudent moral life
- good friends and conversation
stoic modification of self
- dietics
- fasting
- sleep modification
- journaling about self
- solitude
- philosophical friends
- volentary trials
epictatus
stoic
stoic tranquility
in the mind
epicurian tranquility
absince of pain
cynics vs epicurians
cynics think trials grow you (herculese)
hedonists think trials are danger and pain (less emphasis on knowledge)
