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Radiology > CVS and Interventional > Flashcards

CVS and Interventional Flashcards

1
Q

NOT associated with azygos continuation of IVC?

A

Hepatic veins drain into the azygos system (they drain directly into the RA)

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2
Q

Thickened AAA with raised ESR and abdominal pain

A

Inflammatory AAA

Note usual AAA secondary to atherosclerosis is usually asymptomatic unless rupture/ dissection

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3
Q

What does colour intensity mean in Power and Colour doppler?

A

Power doppler- amplitude dependent

Colour doppler- velocity dependent

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4
Q

Extra-thoracic manifestation of Churg-Strauss syndrome?

A

Mesenteric ischaemia

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5
Q

What size catheter for diagnostic lower limb DSA?

A

5 Fr for adults

3 Fr for kids

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6
Q

Best position to view profunda femoris?

A

Internal rotation

Note that external rotation will bring posterolateral origin of PFA behind SFA

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7
Q

What percentage of below knee DVT cause PE?

A

Isolated below knee DVT in ambulatory patients has an incidence of PE of 10-20%

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8
Q

Not a risk factor for RV thrombosis

A

Chronic pancreatitis

Scleroderma (note SLE IS a RF due to lupus anticoagulant)

Nephritic syndrome

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9
Q

Cardiac MRI

A

Retrospective gating better than prospective for diastolic dysfunction

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10
Q

TIPS procedure- what indicates stenosis?

A

Increased velocity by 50 cm/ sec compared to baseline

Note: retrograde flow within intrahepatic portal veins is NORMAL post TIPS. Blood flows into stent rather than liver.

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11
Q

What percentage of FMD is bilateral?

A

50%

Note angioplasty has good results with 90% success rates

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12
Q

What are Libman-Sachs nodules?

A

Accumulation of immune complex on MV and AV in SLE

Sterile verrucous vegetations

Fibrinoid necrosis and valve destruction

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13
Q

In femoral artery what does doubling of PSV mean?

A

50% stenosis

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14
Q

Most common site for VA dissection?

A

V3 (atlantic)- at the level of C1-C2

Note:

V1: pre-foraminal

V2: foraminal

V 4: intradural

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15
Q

Most common site for ICA dissection?

A

Cervical ICA just distal to carotid bulb

Usually no extension beyond petrous portion

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16
Q

Meningioma on angiography

A

Comes early and leaves late

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17
Q

Resistive index in SMA?

A

High pre-prandial

Low post prandial

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18
Q

Ostium secundum ASD

A

Isolated finding

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19
Q

What percentage of below knee DVT cause PE?

A

Isolated below knee DVT in ambulatory patients has an incidence of PE of

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20
Q

Not a risk factor for RV thrombosis

A

Chronic pancreatitis

Scleroderma (note SLE IS a RF due to lupus anticoagulant)

Nephritic syndrome

21
Q

Cardiac MRI

A

Retrospective gating better than prospective for diastolic dysfunction

22
Q

TIPS procedure- what indicates stenosis?

A

Increased velocity by 50 cm/ sec compared to baseline

Note: retrograde flow within intrahepatic portal veins is NORMAL post TIPS. Blood flows into stent rather than liver.

23
Q

What percentage of FMD is bilateral?

A

50%

Note angioplasty has good results with 90% success rates

24
Q

What are Libman-Sachs nodules?

A

Accumulation of immune complex on MV and AV in SLE

Sterile verrucous vegetations

Fibrinoid necrosis and valve destruction

25
In femoral artery what does doubling of PSV mean?
50% stenosis
26
Most common site for VA dissection?
V3 (atlantic)- at the level of C1-C2 Note: V1: pre-foraminal V2: foraminal V 4: intradural
27
Most common site for ICA dissection?
Cervical ICA just distal to carotid bulb Usually no extension beyond petrous portion
28
Meningioma on angiography
Comes early and leaves late
29
Resistive index in SMA?
High pre-prandial Low post prandial
30
Ostium secundum ASD
Isolated finding
31
What size splenic aneurysm needs coiling?
More than 2.5 cm
32
TIPS shunt: flow towards periphery?
Portal vein or hepatic artery puncture
33
TIPS shunt: flow towards porta hepatis?
Biliary tree puncture
34
What should the shunt gradient be and where does stenosis occur in TIPSS?
Gradient should be less than 12 mmHg Stenosis occurs in HV or shunt itself
35
Cardiac MR: field inhomogeneity?
More common in 3T rather than 1.5T
36
Which cardiac layer shows dark rim artefact on MR?
Endocardium
37
Name the 2 types of arteriolosclerosis
Hyaline: DM and HTN Hyperplastic: onion skin laminated thickening. Malignant HTN.
38
2 morphological types of aortic dissection
Cystic medial degeneration Intimal tear between middle and outer thirds of media
39
Dissection- what percentage occlude coronary arteries and do all have intimal tear?
8% occlude coronary arteries 5-10% have no obvious intimal tear
40
Aschoff bodies in myocardium
Rheumatic fever
41
Jones criteria for Rheumatic fever?
Carditis Polyarthritis (migratory and involving large joints) Sydenham chorea Erythema marginatum Subcutaneous nodules
42
SFA disease: angioplasty vs bypass
Angioplasty: single stenosis of less than 10 cm or occlusion less than 5 cm Surgery: disease more than 15 cm
43
Irregular narrowing of origin of great vessels from aortic arch?
If less than 30 years: Takayasu If more than 50 years: Giant cell arteritis
44
Development of CC?
Anterior genu to posterior splenium Rostrum last portion to develop
45
Name 2 differences between lobar holoprosencephaly and septo-optic dysplasia.
LH: fused anterior fournix. Optic nerves and hypothalamus spared SOD: optic nerve hypoplasia and hypothalamic/ pituitary dysfunction
46
Complication of bicuspid aortic valve and 2 associations?
AS more common than AR Associated with coarctation and Turner syndrome
47
When do u replace bicuspid AV?
NOT in childhood as child will continue to grow!
48
Inflammatory vs mycotic aneurysm?
Inflammatory fusiform whilst mycotic is saccular

Radiology (16 decks)

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