Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

SUMPHARM > CVLipids > Flashcards

CVLipids Flashcards

1
Q

These proteins carry lipid to plasma, to distriubte cholesterol to system for membranes, hormones, and bile acid production?

A

Lipoproteins w/ APO100 LDL / VDL. 1. Made in liver. 2. APO100 bind to cell receptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are normal values for LDL, HDL, TGs

A

TG <150, HDL ,>40M, >50W, LDL <70, NON HDL <100

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What do HDL do to prevent ASCVD?

A

Take cholesterol back to liver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Why do LDL increase as VLDL and TG decrease?

A

B/c LDL remants of both- Atherogenic, small dense

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Besides, CHD, CAD, ASCVD, what is risk with HIGH TGs?

A

High chylomircons INC risk of pancreatis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How is inflammatin part of plaque?

A

LDL deposit in vessel, body attacks. MaC, Cytockine, TNF, CRP. Thins the cap. If cap ruptue occuldes or mobilizes. Occuldes-ischemia, MI, angina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Why is it important to take statins at night?

A

Liver makes cholesetol at night, circadian. Ideal for shorter t1/2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Why is ADE myopahy in statins?

A

Idopathic, maybe release myoglobin= rhabdo. STOP stain if on ABX erythromyocin or change to PRAVASTAIN

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is important when starting statins?

A

Monitor and Baseline LFTs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How shoud HCP rechallenge statins?

A

Get CK/CPK if myopathy, try low intensity statins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is max for pitive and rouva?

A

4mg pitive, rouva 40mg. OTHER all 80mg.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How do statins work in dyslipidemia?

A

Blocks HMG CoA reductase, 1st step in making cholesterol. INC LDL catabolism via upregulation of LDL. DEC cholesterol, CHD mortality. Reduce CAD 2-3mo bc of inflammtory affect- reduce MACS, dilation NOx effect.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What coenzyme is used with Statins?

A

CYP3A4 +2C9,19

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Which are the shorter halflives that need to be taken at night?

A

Lova, Prava, Fluva

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the most potent statin?

A

Pitavastaint. Dose 1-4mg. Erythro and Rifampin give Less dose.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the LDL reduction rates with each statin?

A

1 HIGH-Rosu 20mg, Ator 40m mg-50%, 2. MOD Ator 10-20mg, Rosu 5-10, Sim 20-40mg-30-49%, 3. LOW Sim 10mg, Prava, Lova

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

When is the max benefit observed with Statins?

A

Main LDL difference is initial dose. INC dose only dec LDL by 5-6%. 4-6-8wks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Which drug is used for HIV pts?

A

Pravastatin bc no DI or CYP. IF on antifungals azoles- use Prava, Rosu

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Asians should avoid which statin?

A

Rosuvastatin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

When on Pitavastin, what should be monitored?

A

INR if on warfarin. CrCL adjust AVOID If <30

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What inc risk of myalagis rare ADR in Statins?

A

ETOH, Asian, Hypothyroid, LOW BMI, F, Vit D Dfx, CYP3A4-clarithro, erythor, cyclosporin,Sima @80, Gemibrozil+Cerivastin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What risk do DM have w/ statins?

A

Elevated sugars

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

WHAT ARE THE DI WITH FUNGALS AND ABX?

A

3A4 INHIB AZOLES AND MAC-CLARI, ERYI, CYCLOSPORIN

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

How do the bile sequestrants work?

A

Resin that binds to bile, excreted via feces. Dec LDL from serum. DEC bile, Cholesterol will be removed from serum. DEC cholesterol. Granuel or tablets

25
Q

Which bile sequestrant is AVOIDed if TG>400

A

Cholestyramin, Colesitpol, Colesevalam. They can INC TG

26
Q

What needs to be monitored with bile sequestrants?

A

LFTs, LIVER ACTIVE

27
Q

What inhibits FA mobilization from peripheral tissue via DEC syntheiss of VLDL, INC LPL which lead to DEC TG, DEC HDL catabolism, and anticlotting?

A

Niacin. VitB3LIVER metab.

28
Q

What does Niacin indirectly affect?

A

DEC LDL, TG, TC. INC HDL

29
Q

What is the unique SE for Niacin?

A

1.Flushing 20min- take night 2. AVOID gout Pt d/t uric acid levels inc. 3. INC BS avoid DM

30
Q

Ms. Nike has DM, low HDL and HIGH TG, which agent is ideal?

A

Niacin.

31
Q

If Ms. Nike is on Niacin w/ a INC BMI and A1C, then what are the risk?

A

INC DM. Niacin has 5% inc in BS

32
Q

What should gout pt, liver dz, PUD pts avoid?

A

Niacin

33
Q

What should be AVOID in Pt with high LDL?

A

Fibric acid Dirivatives- NO LDL effect , 20-50% TGs, INC HDL 10-20%

34
Q

Pt has INC TG, what should be taken?

A

Fibricic acid Direivatives-Gemfibrozil, Fenofibrate, Clofibrate

35
Q

Pt specifically has High TG, normal LDL, which med is Ideal?

A

Gemfibrozil- DEC risk of CHD

36
Q

What are cautions of fibric acid derives?

A

AVOID in Renal and Liver DZ 2. Taken w/ warfarin INC effects 3. INC riks of rhado if taken w/ statins

37
Q

What inc LDL receptor synthesis, INC lipolysis of TG via LPL, DEC VLDL synthesis by binding to peroxisome prolifeator receptor alpha (ER liver and kidney?

A

Fibricic acid Direivatives

38
Q

What drug is avoided in cancer Pts?

A

Clofibrate

39
Q

What are ADE of fibric acid derives?

A

GI pain, cholelihaiasis, constipation, AFIB, myalgia Rhado w/ statin, Warfarin inhibitor

40
Q

Which agent has low TC effects, 9% by inhibiting absorption of cholesterol in small intestine?

A

Ezetimibe- used of pt who can’t take statins. ADD W/ a statin LDL 18%, TC- 17%, TG 14%. NO HDLs

41
Q

Is Ezetimibe tolerable?

A

Yes. DI- cholestyramine reduce EZ (BILE Sequest).

42
Q

Mr. X has xanthomas on Achilles tendon, ring in corneal opague? What are ideal for them?

A

hypercholesteolemia (AD protein) MC inherited, xamthoma. Mipomerson-LIVer toxic BBW, Niacin, Lomitapide,- , new. PCSK9

43
Q

Mrs. X has INC TG and INC LDL, What is drug approach?

A

Statin or Niacin

44
Q

Mr. KFC TG are high, what should be offered?

A

Fibricic acid Direivatives, Niacin, MAYB Statin

45
Q

What are diet suggestion for LDL?

A

INC fiber, Omega 3, garlic, HMB-hydroxy beta methlbutyric

46
Q

IF pt has LDL 100 and MI? what intensity is recc?

A

Still HIGH, 50% will DEC w/in 4wks to 50 LDL. But pt still needs to stay on LDL bc w/ age LDL inc.

47
Q

Why were Cholestry ester transfer protein inhib removed?

A

Hypertension. CETP high in DM

48
Q

How do PCSK9s inhibitors work?

A

Block Binding to LDL receptor, reduce bodies ablity to clear LDL-c. INC LDL receptors in LIVER, thus signal LDL -C to come out of blood back to liver.

49
Q

What are lifestyle mods 1st step?

A

Med diet, Active 150min/wk mod, resistance, 75-vigorous

50
Q

What is highest lowering agent?

A

PCKS9 70%, $$$. -ocumabs

51
Q

What is unigue about PCSK9s?

A

Protein, INJ. SQ 1x 2wk

52
Q

What combos with statin are not approved?

A

Niacin and Fibrate

53
Q

Calulate LDL w/ TC 220, HDL 30, TG 185?

A

220-(30+185/5)= 153, No direct measure of LDL. Error if TG >400

54
Q

Calulate non HDL w/ TC 220, HDL 30, TG 185?

A

220-30= 190, NON HDL Cholesterol reflects cholesterol n VDL and LDL, APOB measures. More accurate for ASCVD

55
Q

Can you measure direct LDL?

A

Only if pt not fasting, with HIGH TG.

56
Q

Which MC drugs inc LDL?

A

Thiazides, Steroids, Fibric acids, Cyclosporin

57
Q

Which MC drugs inc TGs?

A

Estorgens, Cyclosporins, BB, Antipyschoitcs, Bile acid

58
Q

Who shoud be in high intensity statins?

A

> 45, FH CHD, smoking, HTN, Low HDL, Metobolic syndrome-TG,HDL, DM, Abdomen width, HTN,. PMH of ASCVD

59
Q

Who shoud be in high intensity statins <75y or >75 w/ high LDL?

A

<75 yo to no risk prevent primary event. >75 MOD- Atorstatin or Rosuvastain

SUMPHARM (26 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions