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SUMPHARM > CV-anemia > Flashcards

CV-anemia Flashcards

1
Q

What are normal causes of Anemia?

A

Dec iron, B12, or folic acid- INC HGB

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2
Q

What gives detail of color of RBC and info of anemia?

A

Mean corpouscular[Hgb]. N- 33.-35

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3
Q

What if MCHC ranges is <33, what is color?

A

Hypochromic-DEC Hgb lighter. Hyperchromic darker, rare >35

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4
Q

What is needed to make Hgb?

A

Iron, VB12, VB9, Erythropoietin-RBC

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5
Q

Mrs. White cc fatigue, tachycardia, angina. PE-orthostasis, syncope, SOB? What is DDX

A

Anemia sypmtoms

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6
Q

Mrs. White Hgb is 8.5 g/d? What is this DX?

A

Moderate Anemia . MILD 10-12, SEVERE <8

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7
Q

Lead poisoning, Thalessemia, Anemia all show a MCV of?

A

MCV < 80, MICROCYTIC

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8
Q

VIT B12 DFX, folate dfx, Liver Dz, Alcholism, HypothyRoid, Chemo, HIV all have a MCV of?

A

MCV > 96, MACROCYTIC

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9
Q

What condtions have normal MCV

A

CKI, Sudden blood loss, Hemolytic anemia

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10
Q

What are 2/2 labs to order if anemia is suspected?

A

hihg due to HIGH 1st pass, IV 5m x 3

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11
Q

How do you treat a Pt w/ significant blood loss, with normocytic anemia?

A

Transfuse Blood, Hemopoietic growth factors

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12
Q

What is microcytic hypochromic anemia?

A

Low vol of RBC and low HgB, light color. TX- IRON

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13
Q

How do you treat macrocytic anemia?

A

Large vol of RBC.. TX- Vit B12, Folate

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14
Q

Pt has PMH of GI bleeding. What is considered to improve in their diet?

A

IRON replacement 1. LIVER, oysters, cereals, soybeans, tofu, Lentils

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15
Q

What increases iron absorption when treating iron deficiency anemia?

A

Vit C

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16
Q

Pt is pregnant what are some ADR to consider in iron replacement?

A

Black stools- upper GI tract bleeds, darken b/c old. OTHER- GI upset

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17
Q

How long should you recheck values?

A
  1. reticulocytes by 1wk , H/H 2-4wks. 1-2mo. 4. SX of SOB, HA better w/in 3w 5. TREAT for 3-6mo
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18
Q

What is ideal strength and iron % to recc to pts?

A

PO-#1. Ferrous fumarate 33% iron 2. Ferrous sulfate 20-30 %iron 200-325 mg strength

19
Q

What are major risk with iron?

A

Child who ingest NO mech. for reversal of OD. SX 1. necrotizing gasteris 2. shock 3. lethargy 4. SOB 5. Metabolic acidosis 6. death coma

20
Q

How do you treat iron OD?

A
  1. Sedate and pump 2. Acid base correct 3. Parenteral deferoxamine 4. Charcoal does not absorb iron in gut
21
Q

Pt has issue with PO iron, not absorbing well? What med can be used?

A
  1. Parenteral iron Ferumoxytoal- NO MRI 2. Iron: Sucrose, dextran, ferric gluconate
22
Q

Pt has PMH of CKD what meds can be given for anemia?

A

iron sucrose & gluconate. Slow IV or Inj. ADR- HYPOTENSION and CRAMPS

23
Q

Mr. heme has anemia and had a reaction to iron via IV. What drug is causing this?

A

Iron DEXTRAN ADR- BBW ANAPHYLAXIS. Slow and low. Test dose

24
Q

Which parenteral iron agent is ideal for peds?

A

Iron gluconate

25
Q

What is common factor in people with neurologic d/o?

A

B12 deficiency

26
Q

Proton pump, Metformin, ETOH lead to ?

A

B12 deficiency

27
Q

Which group of people need more monitoring for B12?

A

DM and vegans, biartric, Chrons/Celiac, ETOH

28
Q

Where is folate in foods?

A

yeast, liver, Kidney, leafy green

29
Q

How long should follow up be for B12 and folic dfx anemia?

A

PO, IV- reticulocytes 3-4d, 1-2mo

30
Q

Where is folate and B12 stored?

A

Liver

31
Q

What is requried by proximal jejunm to store folic acid?

A

Requires B12

32
Q

What tx for this condition can mask B12 dfx, thus L/t neuolgoic irreverislble d/o, neural tube defect?

A

megalblastic anemia w/ folate TX

33
Q

ETOH, pregnant, vegans, malabsorbers, CA, Renal dfx are depleted of which compound?

A

Folic acid

34
Q

Which drug dec absorbtion of Folate?

A

Phenytoin (epilepsy), isoniazide (TB), OCP. Methortroate, Trim/Sulfa,

35
Q

Why cant hematopoeitc growth factors be given PO?

A

Proteins large. Stomach will digest them

36
Q

Erythropoetin is given to treat?

A

CKD, HIV, Chemo. JWs

37
Q

Where is EPO made?

A

Kidney hormone released to inc RBC

38
Q

When giving EPO, what should be monitored?

A

H/H will inc. rapidly d-wks. Thrombosis. Seizures, Tumor progress, CVA, MI, HTN encephalapathy

39
Q

What should be checked b4 giving EPO?

A

H/H bc if HIGH or Normal, no EPO is needed- induce DEATH

40
Q

What is advantage of Darbepoetin?

A

IV/SQ. Longer 1/2 life- pegalated oligosacc. Given 1x/wk vs 3x/wk EPO

41
Q

Filgrastime, Pegfilgrastim, Sagramostin all are what?

A

Myeoloid growth factors- stimulate neutrophils production in bone marrow

42
Q

The grastim can be used for which d/o?

A

Myelosupressive chemo. Bone marrow transplant. Neutropenia (severe Figrastime), Acute myeloid (Saramostin)

43
Q

Which myeloid growth facotor causes spleen rupture, ARDs?

A

Filgrastim, Pegfilgrastim

44
Q

Sargramostim ADR to some people is?

A

**ARF and arrythmia-N/V/D rash-

SUMPHARM (26 decks)

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