CV1 structure & function of the heart

Question 1

cardiac

Answer 1

hardest working muscle of all

Question 2

cardiology

Answer 2

study of heart & associated diseases

Question 3

pericardium

Answer 3

doubled walled sac enclosing heart
isolate & give room for expansion
resists compression
pericardial space/ cavity

Question 4

cardiac tamponade

Answer 4

compression of heart
pericarditis

Question 5

compression of the heart

Answer 5

by abnormal accumulation of fluid on pericardial cavity

Question 6

pericarditis

Answer 6

due to viral infection or cancer

Question 7

how many layers to a heart wall

Answer 7

3 layers

Question 8

what are the layers called in a heart wall

Answer 8

outer
middle
inner

Question 9

what is the outer layer made from in the heart wall

Answer 9

same layer as the visceral pericardium
simple squamous epithelium

Question 10

what is the outer layer called in the hearts wall

Answer 10

epicardium

Question 11

what is the middle layer called in the heart wall

Answer 11

myocardium

Question 12

what is the middle layer made from in the heart wall

Answer 12

thickest layer
cardiac muscle

Question 13

what is the inner layer of the heart wall called

Answer 13

endocardium

Question 14

what is the inner layer of the heart wall made from?

Answer 14

simple squamous epithelium
forms inner lining of chamber

Question 15

what does the myocardium do?

Answer 15

muscular wall of the heart consisting primarily of cardiac muscle cells

Question 16

what does the endocardium do?

Answer 16

covers the inner surface of the heart

Question 17

what does the parietal pericardium do?

Answer 17

the serious membrane that forms the outer wall of the pericardial cavity
dense fibrous layer form the pericardial sac surrounding the heart

Question 18

what does the epicardium do

Answer 18

covers the outer surface of the heart
also called the visceral pericardium

Question 19

what surrounds the valves in the heart

Answer 19

connective tissue

Question 20

what does the fibrous skeleton of the heart do?

Answer 20

Dense connective tissue surrounding valves
Forms foundation to which heart valves are attached
Point of insertion for cardiac muscle fibres
Prevents overstretching of valves
Electrical insulator

Question 21

how many sections is the heart split into?

Answer 21

4

Question 22

what are the 4 sections of the ehart

Answer 22

right atrium
left atrium
right ventricle
left ventricle

Question 23

what does the right atrium (RA) do?

Answer 23

receives deoxygenated blood from the body

Question 24

what does the left atrium(LA) do

Answer 24

receives oxygenated blood from the lungs (L&R pulmonary veins)
blood pumped to left ventricle then back into system circulation

Question 25

what does left & right ventricles do?

Answer 25

large chambers at the bottom of the heart
collect and expel blood

Question 26

which circulation do the RV pump blood to?

Answer 26

pulmonary circulation

Question 27

what circulation does the LV pump blood to?

Answer 27

systemic circulation

Question 28

what connects RA with RV?

Answer 28

tricuspid valve

Question 29

which valve does LA receive the blood from/

Answer 29

bicuspid (mitral) valve

Question 30

name step 1-4 of how the blood flow works?

Answer 30

right atrium (deoxygenated blood)
-moves through tricuspid valve
right ventricle
-moves through pulmonary valve
pulmonary trunk and pulmonary arteries
in pulmonary capillaries blood loses CO2 and gains O2

Question 31

name steps 5-8 which how the heart and blood works

Answer 31

pulmonary veins (oxygenated blood)
left atrium
-moves through the bicuspid valve
left atrium
-moves through the aortic valve
aorta and systemic arteries

Question 32

how does step 9/10 work in the heart

Answer 32

in systemic capillaries, blood loses O2 and gains CO2
-gets spilt into 3
superior vena cava, inferior vena cava, coronary sinus

repeats and goes back to step 1

Question 33

how do heart valves work

Answer 33

one-way flow
stops blood going the wrong way