Custodial Sentencing

Question 1

Aims

Answer 1

• deterence
• incapacitation
• retribution
• rehabilitation

Question 2

Deterance

Answer 2

threat of an unpleasant experience prevents future behaviour
- individual: prevents commiting same crime again
- general: prevents rest of the population from commiting the crime

Question 3

Incapacitation

Answer 3

Offender is out of society so cannot reoffend
- however depends of the severity of the crime

Question 4

Retribution

Answer 4

revenge against offender proportionate to the severity of the crime

Question 5

Rehabilitation

Answer 5

Reform offender so they are a changed individual and won’t reoffend

Question 6

Recidivism in the UK

Answer 6

45% reoffend within a year
- tells us that our prisons aren’t an effective deterent

Question 7

Recidivism in Norway

Answer 7

20%
- focus on rehabilitation

Question 8

Psychological effects

Answer 8

• stress and depression
• institutionalisation
• prisonisation

Question 9

Stress and depression

Answer 9

suicide and self harm rates more than in general population

Question 10

Institutionalisation

Answer 10

inability to function outside of the prison having adapted to the norms and routines of prison life

Question 11

Prisonisation

Answer 11

Behaviours unnacepted on the outside are encouraged on the inside ‘inmates code’

Question 12

AO3 + provides training and treatment

Answer 12

Those who take part in education programmes in prison are 43% less likely to reoffend

Question 13

AO3 - school of crime

Answer 13

• may learn trick of the trade
• may get contacts
• undermined rehad meaning reoffending is more likely

Question 14

AO3 - negative effects

Answer 14

• suiceide rates nine times more likely rhan general population in England
• 25% women, 15% men report psychosis
• impacts rehab

Question 15

AO3 + other reasons for effects

Answer 15

Cofounding variables could like prison and effects as could have had preexisting psychological difficulties meaning they offend