Cumulative SG for Final

Question 1

11 organ systems

Answer 1

integumentary, skeletal, muscular, nervous, endocrine, cardiovascular, lymphoid, respiratory, digestive, urinary, and reproductive

Question 2

4 types of tissue

Answer 2

epithelial, connective , muscle, and neural

Question 3

Types of epithelial tissue

Answer 3

simple squamous (lining of the heart), stratified squamous (esophagus and rectum), simple cuboidal (glands), stratified cuboidal (lining of ducts), simple columnaar (lining of stomach and gallbladder), stratified columnar (pharynx, anus), psuedostratified ciliated columnar (lining of trachea), transitional (bladder)

Question 4

Organization of body

Answer 4

organisms, organ systems, organs, tissues, cellular level, chemical or molecular levels, atoms

Question 5

Body cavities

Answer 5

Ventral body cavity which is separated by the diaphragm into the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities. Pleural cavities have the lungs, pericardial cavity surrounds heart. abdominal cavity contians digestive organs and pelvic cavity has urinary bladder

Question 6

4 abdominal quadrants

Answer 6

right and left (upper and lower) quadrants. RUQ has gallbladder, and the intestines; LUQ has the stomach and spleen; RLQ has the appendix and reproductive organs; LLQ has parts of both intestines and reproductive organs

Question 7

Spongy vs. compact bone

Answer 7

Compact bone is relatively dense and solid while spongy bone forms an open network of struts and plates; spongy bone is better and resisting forces and stresses from multiple directions; compact bone tends to be on the outside of spongy bone

Question 8

Structure of a long bone

Answer 8

the epiphysis is the top part and bottom part; next part is like the neck area (very small strip tho) just above or below the epiphysis and its called the metaphysis; the diaphysis is the whole middle part or the shaft of it (periosteum is the outer most layer of bone)

Question 9

Bones in axial skeleton

Answer 9

Skull, thoracic cage (ribs), and vertebral column (sacrum, coccyx, vertebrae)

Question 10

Bones in appendicular skeleton

Answer 10

Pectoral girdle (clavicle and scapula), upper limbs (arm bones and hand bones), pelvic girdle (ilium, ischium, and pubis), lower limbs (leg and feet bones)

Question 11

4 areas of the spine

Answer 11

cervical (C1-C8), thoracic (T1-T12), lumbar (L1-L5), sacral (S1-S5), coccygeal (Co1)

Question 12

Structure of cells

Answer 12

has a plasmalemma on the outside; nuclues on inside with ER wrapped around it; mitochondria scattered throughout; golgi appartus up at the top looks like lots of folds; micovilli on top/outside (finger like projections), and little ribosomes scatered throughout

Question 13

Knee

Answer 13

hinge movement with monoaxial joint

Question 14

hip

Answer 14

ball and socket joint;allows all combinations of movement

Question 15

elbow

Answer 15

hinge joint with monoaxial movement

Question 16

shoulder

Answer 16

ball and socket joint; allows all movements including rotation

Question 17

vertebral column

Answer 17

zygophysial joints; anterior flexion, extension, lateral flexion ,and rotation are allowed

Question 18

wrist

Answer 18

condylar joint that allows flexion,extension, adduction and abduction, and circumduction

Question 19

3 types of muscle tissue

Answer 19

smooth, skeletal, and cardiac

Question 20

Skeletal muscle

Answer 20

produces skeletal movement, supports soft tissues, helps maintain body temp, and maintain posture; (anything attached to bones - tibialis anterior)

Question 21

Smooth muscle

Answer 21

moves food,urine, and reproductive secretions; controls respiratory passageways (found int respiratory organs and the walls of blood vessels)

Question 22

Cardiac muscle

Answer 22

circulates blood and maintains blood pressure (found in the heart)

Question 23

Agonist muscle action

Answer 23

prime mover; a muscle whose contraction is chiefly responsible for producing a movement (i.e. biceps brachii producing flexion in elbow)

Question 24

Antagonist muscle action

Answer 24

muscles whose actions oppose that of the agonist; if agonist does flexion, the antagonist does extension (i.e. triceps brachii producing extension in elbow)

Question 25

Synergist muscle action

Answer 25

this muscle assists the prime mover in performing the action; (lat and the teres major working together)

Question 26

Divisions of the NS

Answer 26

NS is either the PNS or the CNS; CNS is the brain and the spinal cord while the PNS has the Autonomic and Somatic and the Autonomic becomes the Parasympathetic and Sympathetic

Question 27

Cranial nerves

Answer 27

olfactory (smell), optic (vision), oculomotor (motor eye movements), trochlear (motor eye movements), trigeminal (muscles of chewing) abducens (motor eye movements), facial (mixed), vestibulocochlear (balance and equilibrium; hearing), glossopharyngeal (mixed; tongue), vagus (mixed respiratory tract), spinal accessory (motor), and hypoglossal (motor tongue movements)

Question 28

CSF

Answer 28

its the fluid bathing the external and internal surfaces of the CNS; secreted by choroid plexus; basically supports the brain

Question 29

Sympathetic vs. Parasympathetic NS

Answer 29

Parasympathetic is the rest and digest system; conserves energy; the sympathetic system is the fight or flight which stimulates metbolism, increases alertness and heart rate, and prepares body to deal with emergencies

Question 30

Femoral triangle

Answer 30

inguinal ligament, sartorius muscle, and adductor longus muscle; it contains important nerves and arteries as well as the femoral pulse;

Question 31

Major pulse points and their locations

Answer 31

Femoral (femoral triangle), brachial (antecubital fossa), radial (lateral wrist), dorsalis pedis (top of foot), tibialis post. (inside of ankle), and the carotid (side of neck by larynx and sternocleidomastoid)

Question 32

Main arteries from ascending aorta

Answer 32

aortic arch which yields the brachiocephalic trunk (produces the right versions of the following arteries..)
, common carotid, and subclavian

Question 33

Main arteries off of descending aorta

Answer 33

becomes the thoracic aorta

Question 34

Major coronary arteries

Answer 34

right and left ones; left descending and left circumflex arteries