Ch. 23 (lymphoid system) study guide

Question 1

Function of lymphoid system

Answer 1

produce, maintain and distribute lymphocytes; maintain normal blood volume and eliminate chemical variations in interstitial fluid; lymphocytes are produced and stored in organs like the spleen and thymus

Question 2

Similarities between lymphatic vessels and veins

Answer 2

Similar in size however the vessels carry lymph while veins carry blood

Question 3

Main lymph collecting vessels

Answer 3

Deep and superficial lymphatics; both of these converge to form larger vessels called lymphatic trunks

Question 4

Superficial lymphatics

Answer 4

travel with superficial veins and they are found in the skin, lining of digestive, respiratory, and urinary tracts, and some of the body cavities.

Question 5

Deep lymphatics

Answer 5

large lymphatic vessels that accomplany the deep arteries and veins. Collect lymph from skeletal muscles and other organs of neck and trunk.

Question 6

Diffuse lymphoid tissue

Answer 6

lymphocytes are loosely aggregated within connective tissue of the mucous membrane of the respiratory and urinary tracts

Question 7

Lymph organ

Answer 7

Separated from surrounding tissues by a fibrous connective tissue capsule (includes thymus and spleen)

Question 8

5 tonsils

Answer 8

1 pharyngeal, 2 palatine, and 2 lingual

Question 9

Tonsils

Answer 9

large nodules in the wall of the pharynx

Question 10

Lymph tissue in tonsils

Answer 10

mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT)

Question 11

Peyers patch

Answer 11

Clusters of lymphoid nodules in the mucosal lining of the small intestine (aka aggregated lymphoid nodules)

Question 12

Lymph node

Answer 12

Small, oval lymphoid organs; monitor the composition of lymph; found in head, neck, thigh, lower limbs, and urinary systems

Question 13

Lymph nodes and cancer

Answer 13

An analysis of lymph nodes can provide info for the spread of cancer cells and this can have an influence on the therapy used; they serve as way stations for migrating cancer cells

Question 14

Spleen

Answer 14

largest lymphoid organ, lies along lateral border of the stomach on the left side of the body; the gastrosplenic ligament is a broad mesenteric band that attaches the spleen to the stomach; the spleen helps with the removal of abnormal blood cells thru phagocytosis and also aids in the storage of iron recycled from broken down RBC’s and helps initiate the immune response for B and T cells in response to antigens

Question 15

Histology of the spleen

Answer 15

has red and white pulp with trabecular arteries; has a soft surface; shape reflects those around (like a puzzle)

Question 16

Thymus

Answer 16

lies posterior to the manubrium of the sternum; over time it gradually decreases in size; it serves as the cite for T cell formation