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NUR 101 Assessment #3 > Culture & Ethnicity > Flashcards

Culture & Ethnicity Flashcards

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1
Q

?

What a group of people have in common, but it changes over time

Includes the behaviors, arts, beliefs, values, customs, & life ways that get passed on from generation to generation

Consider this so we can provide ___-competent care to clients as nurses

A

Culture

culturally-

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2
Q

The United States is a multicultural society

Increasing # of immigrants coming in

A

A lot of people from South and Central Americas that try to immigrate over the southern border

US is on track to become a majority-minority nation by 2024

* Meaning that no single group is going to have the majority share of the total population

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3
Q

Bristol County, MA

White 80.2%

Asian 2.33%

Black/African American 4.72%

American Indian/Alaskan Native 0.26%

Foreign Born 23.1%

  • Largest race living in poverty in Bristol County is whites at 41,000 followed by Hispanics at 14,000 people
A

Bristol County, MA cont’d

  • Has highest incidence of smoking in MA
  • 2nd highest incidence of obesity
  • 3rd highest incidence of violent crimes

95% US citizens

3% uninsured

11.3% living in poverty (highest incidence among females 25-34 y.o.; 2nd/3rd rankings are females of middle adulthood age)

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4
Q

Ethnicity, Race, and Religion

?

Biological similarities

Is not an appearance-based finding

i. e. skin color, blood type, bone structure
- Can be a characteristic of an ethnic group; may have same biological similarities
- Can include white, black, American Indian, Alaskan Native, Asian, Hawaiian/other Pacific Islander

A

Race

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5
Q

?

System of beliefs

  • Is typically about the cause, nature, and purpose of the universe
  • Beliefs related to god/gods
    i. e. India ⇒ Buddhist/Muslim/Hindu
A

Religion

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6
Q

?

Based on a client’s country of origin

May include race but is not the same thing as race

i.e. Mexican-American, Columbian-American, Asian-American

A

Ethnicity

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7
Q

?

Many cultures

Describes groups, not individuals

i.e. the United States

A

Multicultural

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8
Q

?

When an individual identifies with two cultures

i.e. mother (Jewish) and father (Roman Catholic)

Can experience divided loyalties

A

Bicultural

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9
Q

?

Occurs when immigrants assume the characteristics of the new culture

A person accepts the new and their own cultures and beliefs

Adopting elements from each

A

Acculturation

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10
Q

?

Is learning to become a member of a society or group

Learning rules, roles, behaviors

A

Socialization

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11
Q

?

Is when new members (emigrants) gradually learn and take on the values, beliefs, and behaviors of the dominant culture

i.e. learning to speak the dominant language

A

Assimilation

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12
Q

?

Is thinking that your group is superior to others

i.e. cultural, ethnic, social, professional groups

A

Ethnocentrism

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13
Q

?

The group with the most authority or power to control values

Usually (but not always) the largest group

i.e. the healthcare system

A

Dominant culture

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14
Q

?

Are groups within a larger culture that have characteristics different from the dominant culture

i.e. nursing group

A

Subcultures

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15
Q

?

Are individuals who share race, religion, or ethnic heritage

Fewer members than the dominant group

Term that can infer inferiority and marginalization

A

Minority group

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16
Q

?

Are groups that are more likely to develop health problems and experience poorer outcomes because of things such as limited access to care, high risk behaviors, and multiple/cumulative stressors

Impactful things include; homelessness, mental illness, disabilities, being a young child or older adult

* We must focus on the strengths and resources of those we take care of

A

Vulnerable populations

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17
Q

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Is a set of behaviors that one follows

A

Practices

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18
Q

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Are something one accepts as true

A

Beliefs

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19
Q

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Are principles or standards that have meaning or worth to someone

A

Values

20
Q

Values, Beliefs, and Practices

Don’t assume these; are individual to each person

A
21
Q

?

Are the values, beliefs, and practices that are special or unique to a certain culture

A

Culture specifics

22
Q

?

Are the values, beliefs, and practices that people from all cultures share

A

Culture universals

23
Q

?

Is a symbol for remembering some of the culture specifics and is usually not negative

A

Archetype

24
Q

?

Is an unsubstantiated belief that all people of a certain group are alike in many respects

Are often negative and can be inaccurate

A

Stereotype

25
Q

How Do Culture Specifics Affect Health?

Communication

  • Verbal or non-verbal; exchange of information, beliefs, and feelings

Space

  • The personal space/distance that is kept between people/persons

Time Orientation

  • Past, present, future-oriented
A

How Do Culture Specifics Affect Health? cont’d

Social Organization

  • Patriarchy or matriarchy; the family unit and bigger organizations

Environmental Control

  • i.e. stoicism in Asian cultures

Biological variations

  • Genetic/physiological differences
  • i.e. African Americans have a poorer response to certain categories of anti-hypertensive drugs than whites
26
Q

?

Is the perception of the ability to plan activities to control nature or direct environmental factors

A

Environmental control

27
Q

The Culture of Healthcare

2 dominant culture systems

  1. Indigenous
  2. Professional
A

Indigenous

  • Folk medicine; traditional healing methods

Professional

  • Run by those professionally educated and trained in their roles and responsibilities
28
Q

Health Illness Beliefs

?

Supernatural forces dominate

?

Need for harmony and balance between one and nature

?

Dominant healthcare culture in the United States

A

Magico-religious (indigenous)

Holistic belief

Scientific/biomedical

29
Q

?

Involve beliefs and practices that are followed when you are ill

Knowledge of treatments passed down generation to generation by oral or written tradition

i.e. room temperature ginger ale for a stomachache

A

Folk medicine

30
Q

Nursing as a Subculture (of the healthcare culture)

* Nurses value autonomy, caring, use of the nursing process, knowledge, and critical thinking

A cultural assessment review is used to assess all remedies a client is using and to determine if any remedies pose a risk to their health

* Remember to respect and understand these practices

A
31
Q

Culturally Competent Care

___ - is our appreciation of the external signs of diversity

___ - involves our personal attitudes

___ - exists on a continuum from incompetent to competent

A

Cultural awareness

Cultural sensitivity

Cultural competence

32
Q

Culturally Competent Care cont’d

The ANA Scope and Standards of Practice identifies that nurses should practice in a manner that’s congruent with cultural diversity and inclusion to ensure a culturally congruent practice

A
33
Q

This figure illustrates ?

A

Purnell’s Model for Cultural Competence

34
Q

?

When we automatically provide culturally congruent care to our diverse group of clients

A

Unconsciously competent

35
Q

?

When we learn about our client’s culture and provide culturally specific interventions

A

Consciously competent

36
Q

?

When you are aware you lack knowledge

A

Consciously incompetent

37
Q

?

Is not being aware that you lack knowledge about another culture

A

Unconsciously incompetent

38
Q

?

Is a lack of impartiality which leads to onesidedness

Can be positive or negative

A

Bias

39
Q

?

Is a negative attitude towards another person or people based on stereotypes; negative, untrue conotations

A

Prejudices

40
Q

?

Is a form of prejudice and discrimination that’s based on the belief that racial differences produce an inherent superiority or inferiority

A

Racism

41
Q

?

Is the assumption of male superiority

A

chauvinism

42
Q

Prejudice can lead to ___ - the behavioral manifestation of prejudice

A

discrimination

43
Q

?

Is the assumption that members of one gender are superior to those of another gender

A

Sexism

44
Q

Barriers to Culturally Competent Care

Racism

Emotion (fear, mistrust between clients/providers)

Knowledge

A

Barriers to Culturally Competent Care cont’d

Sexism

Language barriers (use professional, qualified translators and interpreters)

45
Q

LIVE and LEARN

L = ?

I = ?

V = ?

E = ?

A

Like

Inquire

Visit

Experience

46
Q

LIVE and LEARN cont’d

L = ?

E = ?

A = ?

R = ?

N = ?

A

Listening

Evaluating

Acknowledging

Recommending

Negotiating

NUR 101 Assessment #3 (11 decks)

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