CULTURAL, SOCIAL AND POLITICAL CHANGE

Question 1

Sources of Change in Society

Answer 1

• Innovation (the social creation and instituitionalization of new ideas, products processes or structures) (Ex:technological advancement like electric bike and automated desk)
• Diffusion (the spread of innovations from one social setting to another) (Ex: Visibility of Korean culture in the PH like Samgyupsal, Kpop and Kdrama)
• Assimilation (the process where some of the dominant community cultural aspects are absorbed in such a manner that the home cultural aspects get lost) (Ex: English ONLY Policy in some schools)
• Acculturation (process where the “majority community” are adapted without losing the traditions and customs of the “minority community”) (Ex:being bilingual or multilingual)
• Social Contradictions and Tensions (may include inter-ethnic conflicts, class struggle, armed conflict, terrorism, protests, gender issues, etc.) (Ex: struggle of LGBTQ community to be fully accepted in society)

Question 2

Theories on Changes in Society

Answer 2

• Evolutionary Theory (implies that societies evolved from the simple and primitive to more complex and advanced form) (Ex: Online banking)
• Conflict Theory (suggests that societies progress as oppressed groups struggle to improve their lives) (Ex: Jeepney phaseout)
• Structural Functionalism Theory (believes that has a relationship and balanced system of institutions towards to society) (Ex: DOH, DEPED, DOJ)

Question 3

____ is the unusually rapid increase in Earth’s average surface temperature over the past century primarily due to greenhouse gases.

Answer 3

• Global warming

Question 4

long term alteration of temperature and typical weather patterns in a place

Answer 4

• Climate change

Question 5

spread of products, technology, information, and jobs across national borders and cultures.

Answer 5

• Globalization (Ex: Overseas workers send billion dollars back home to their families)

Question 6

flows and exchange that take place across national borders.

Answer 6

• Transnationalism (Ex: Sandara Park from Krungkrung to Kpop Stardom)

Question 7

movement of either people or animals from one area to another.

Answer 7

• Migration (Ex: Filipino celebs who quit showbiz and move abroad)

Question 8

a term often used to refer to Filipino migrant workers, people with citizenship who reside in another country for a limited time of employment

Answer 8

• Overseas Filipino Workers

Question 9

Inclusive Citizenship and Governance

Answer 9

• Civil Society (refers to a web of autonomous associations, not necessarily formal organizations, independent of the state.)
• Governance (process by which both the state and civil society participate in the maintenance of social and political order.) (Ex:president elected by the people)
• Decentralization (process wherein power from higher levels is transferred to lower levels.) (Ex: local mayors)
• Administrative decentralization (administrative and managerial responsibilities are handed over from the national level units to subnational or local offices within the organization) (Ex: DPWH, DSWD, MERALCO, MAYNILAD)

Question 10

SOCIAL MOVEMENTS

Answer 10

• social movement (developing collective action of a significant portion of members of a major social category.
• environmentalism (social movement seeks to influence the poltiical process in order to protect natural resources and ecosystems)
• Ecocentric environmentalism (believes that humans and the societies they create are different from nature)
• Technocentric environmentalism (value system that is centered on technology)
• Material environmentalism (concerned with protecting the environment as a source of livelihood)
• Feminism (social movement that addresses the situation of women in society.)