cultural change Flashcards
in the early years after the October revolution cultural enterprise?
flourished in the new , freer atmosphere the Bolsheviks brought
Although Lenin was personally a traditionalist, what was encouraged?
freedom of expression was encouraged , provided the arts was not used to express counter-revolutionary sentiments
artistic creativity and innovation stimulated by Lenin’s openness and the 1920s became known as?
the ‘silver age’ of Russian literature and poetry
the world of music also enjoyed new experimentation
this was to change under Stalin, what did Stalin view cultural pursuits as?
viewed cultural pursuits in much the same way as he viewed propaganda
Stalin believed that?
literature, art architecture, the theatre , film and music alike were all considered only valuable and legitimate if they supported socialist ideology and the creation of the ‘new socialist man’
‘art of its own sake’ had
no place in the soviet state
the creativity of the 1920s gave way for the conformity in the 1930s
from 1932 what had to happen?
all writers (whether of newspapers, magazines, plays novels) had to belong to the ‘Union of Soviet Writers’
the unions exerted control over?
both what was created and who was allowed to create, for non membership meant artistic isolation with no opportunity for commissions or the sale of work
what was individual work deemed?
deemed as politically suspect
union of workers ensured that writers (and all other artists) were ?
not to represent soviet life exactly as it was at the time, but rather to show what it might become(and was moving towards) in the future
in this way people were to be led to ?
appreciate ‘socialist reality’ and to see the reflection of the future in the present
-literature and art were to be used to show how the ‘march to communism’ was inevitable
The frame of reference for writers was laid down by who and when?
Andrei Zhdanov in April 1934 at the first congress of the Union of Soviet Writers
principles applied to all art forms
works were expected to ?
glorify the working man, particularly communities working together and embracing the new technology
while new artistic endeavour was constrained by political demands, there was also much interest in Russian works of the 19th century. Although soviet culture was designed to be for the ‘ordinary people; (the proletariat) there was not attempt to?
no attempt to create a new ‘proletarian culture’ which was in any way distinct from the ‘upper class/bourgeios’ culture of the ore-revolutionary era
so great works of the 19th century were much read. seen heard and copied since believed ordinary people could understand and relate to these
The Stalinist era brought ?
solid and imposing classical forms in architecture and recognisable ‘real’ subject matter in aligning
