CTENOPHORA Flashcards
General Characteristics of Ctenophores
-Strictly marine
-Diploblastic? Maybe triploblastic
-Muscles found in the mesenchyme (true muscle tissues)
-Monomorphic
-Rows of ciliary plates composed of ctenes
-Biradial Symmetry
-retractile tentacles
-colloblasts
-apical sense organ containing a statocyst
What are the Orders of Ctenophora
Cydippidia
Berodia
Lobata
General Characteristics of Order Cydippidia
Long retractable tentacles
Globular shape
Well developed comb rows
General Characteristics of Order Berodia
Cylindrical, flattened body
No tentacles
General Characteristics of Order Lobata
Flattened body
Pair of oral lobes, four auricles
Shortened tentacles
How do ctenophores support themselves?
-Mesenchyme contains elastic supportive cells.
-True muscles make up a muscular antagonistic system.
How to ctenophores move?
-Comb rows composed of ctenes are used for swimming or crawling
-Ctenes are composed of bands of fused cilia that beat in waves from aboral to oral end
-Power stroke of the cilia drives the animal oral end first
How are ctenes coordinated?
Apical sense organ and nerve net
How do ctenophores feed?
W/ Tentacles: Tentacles are muscular and can be retracted into sheaths
Colloblasts in tentacles have a sticky adhesive to capture prey
What do the anal pores do?
serve as a limited anus assisting the mouth in voiding indigested material and digested waste
What do gastrovascular canals do?
Where digestion is completed, nutrients are distributed and where absorption takes place
How do ctenophores reproduce asexually?
Regeneration of lost parts
How do ctenophores reproduce sexually?
-Simultaneous hermaphrodites.
-Gonads endodermal.
-External fertilization.
-Cell division unusual.
What type of larvae?
Embryos develop into cydippid larvae
Is growth to adults gradual or metamorphic?
Gradual
