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INVERTEBRATE ZOOLOGY > ANNELIDA > Flashcards

ANNELIDA Flashcards

1
Q

Where are they found?

A

Terrestrial, marine, and freshwater

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2
Q

Segmented or unsegmented?

A

Segmented (repeating segments)

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3
Q

triploblastic or diploblastic?

A

triploblastic

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4
Q

acoelomate, no coelom, or true coelomate

A

true coelomate

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5
Q

complete or incomplete gut?

A

complete gut

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6
Q

what type of circulatory system?

A

closed circulatory system

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7
Q

what type of larva?

A

trochophore

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8
Q

protostome or deuterostome?

A

protostome

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9
Q

where is the prostomium?

A

head

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10
Q

where is the peristomium?

A

mouth

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11
Q

where is the pygidium?

A

anus

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12
Q

define homonomous

A

segments are all the same

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13
Q

define heteronomous

A

segments are different

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14
Q

Parapodia with bundles of
_____?

A

setae

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15
Q

what type of muscles?

A

Longitudinal and circular
muscles along body
Oblique muscles to
parapodia

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16
Q

How do annelids move (Free-swimming and crawling species)

A
  • Circular muscles maintain body form.
  • Longitudinal muscles in bands within each segment.
    Alternately contract and relax for undulation.
  • Parapodia push off substratum during power stroke and
    retract during recovery stroke.
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17
Q

How do annelids move (Burrowing species)

A
  • Circular muscles more developed for peristaltic motion.
  • Septa perforated so contracting a group of segments
    causes others to extend.
18
Q

explain the nervous system

A

Cerebral ganglia specialized with different parts that innervate different parts of the worm

19
Q

explain their sense organs

A

Well developed sense organs

20
Q

How do they feed?

A

Direct deposit feeders
Hunters with large jaws
Selective feeders with tentacles
Filter feeders with radioles

21
Q

describe their digestive system

A

Foregut: buccal cavity, pharynx
(often eversible) with jaws
and teeth, and glands
Midgut: End of esophagus,
intestine with modified
stomach. Enzyme
production.
Hindgut: Mucus added to fecal
pellets, rectum, anus

22
Q

Do they have a heart?

A

No real heart

23
Q

Are respiratory organs present?

A

Yes, parapodia, branchiae in
tentacle crown

24
Q

how to they maintain homeostasis?

A

Metanephridia

25
Q

Explain their reproduction

A

No distinct gonads. Gametes formed from peritoneum and cells stored in coelom.
Fertilization external.
Many free-swimming benthic annelids produce epitokes

26
Q

what type of cleavage?

A

Holoblastic, spiral cleavage
leading to a coeloblastula

27
Q

what type of gastrulation?

A

Gastrulation by invagination or
epiboly

28
Q

Special characteristics of earthworms?

A

No parapodia and reduced number of setae.
Reduced prostomium and peristomium.
Clitellum functions in reproduction

29
Q

How do earthworms move?

A

Peristaltic contractions.
Setae used to anchor. Setae
can be retracted

30
Q

explain NS and sense receptors of earthworms

A

Complex nervous system.
Tactile and chemoreceptors across body.

31
Q

Specialized areas in an earthworm’s foregut?

A

Crop
Gizzard
Calciferous glands

32
Q

Specialized areas in an earthworm’s midgut?

A

Typhlosole
Chloragogen cells

33
Q

do earthworms have a heart?

A

2-5 pairs of hearts with valves

34
Q

How do earthworms perform gas exchange?

A

across skin

35
Q

what types of asexual reproduction in earthworms?

A

Transverse fission and fragmentation

36
Q

Explain earthworm sexual reproduction

A

Simultaneous hermaphrodites.
Males: testes make sperm which are stored in seminal vesicles. Released into sperm ducts and out male gonopore during copulation.

Females: ovaries produce eggs. Released into coelomic space. Spermatheca store mate’s sperm

37
Q

Special characteristics of leeches?

A

No parapodia and no setae.
Even more reduced prostomium and peristomium
Anterior and posterior suckers.
Dorsoventrally flattened.
Ectoparasites.

38
Q

How do leeches move?

A

Inchworm-like crawling

39
Q

What type of worm?

A

Leech

40
Q

What type of worm?

A

Earthworm

41
Q

What type of worm?

A

Annelid

42
Q

What structure functions in leech reproduction?

A

Clitellum

INVERTEBRATE ZOOLOGY (15 decks)

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