ARTHROPODA Flashcards
Subphylum and Class?
brine shrimp
Subphylum Crustacea
Class Branchiopoda
Subphylum and Class?
copepods
Subphylum Crustacea
Class Copepoda
Subphylum and Class?
barnacles
Subphylum Crustacea
Class Thecostraca
Subphylum, Class, Order?
crabs, lobsters, shrimp
Subphylum Crustacea
Class Malacostraca
Order Decapoda
Subphylum, Class, Order?
isopods
Subphylum Crustacea
Class Malacostraca
Order Isopoda
Subphylum, Class, Order?
amphipods
Subphylum Crustacea
Class Malacostraca
Order Amphipoda
Subphylum, Class, Order?
krill
Subphylum Crustacea
Class Malacostraca
Order Euphausiacea
Subphylum, Class, Order?
dragonflies
Subphylum Hexapoda
Class Insecta
Order Odonata
Subphylum, Class, Order?
flies, mosquitos
Subphylum Hexapoda
Class Insecta
Order Diptera
Subphylum, Class, Order?
beetles
Subphylum Hexapoda
Class Insecta
Order Coleoptera
Subphylum, Class, Order?
butterflies, moths
Subphylum Hexapoda
Class Insecta
Order Lepidoptera
Subphylum, Class, Order?
bees, ants, wasps
Subphylum Hexapoda
Class Insecta
Order Hymenoptera
Subphylum and Class?
centipedes
Subphylum Myriapoda
Class Chilapoda
Subphylum and Class?
millipedes
Subphylum Myriapoda
Class Diplopoda
Subphylum, Class, Subclass?
Horseshoe crab
Subphylum Chelicerata
Class Euchelicerata
Subclass Merostomata
Subphylum, Class, Subclass?
spiders, scorpions, mites, ticks
Subphylum Chelicerata
Class Euchelicerata
Subclass Arachnida
Subphylum and Class?
sea spiders
Subphylum Chelicerata
Class Pycnogonida
Diploblastic or triploblastic?
Triploblastic
Synapomorphies?
Hard exoskeleton
Specialization of appendages
Jointed appendages
Explain the cuticle
Secreted by epidermis
Waxes, lipoproteins, proteins.
Sclerotized - tanning process that hardens
What are the antagonistic muscles?
flexors and extensors
key difference between millipedes and centipedes?
millipedes have 2 legs per segment and are slow but powerful
centipedes have one leg per segment and are fast but not powerful
How do arthropods swim?
Flapping phyllopodia
Tail flexion
How do arthropods fly?
Dipterans (flies):
Indirect flight muscles allow wings to beat faster than neural transmission.
Dorsoventral and longitudinal muscles.
Flexible thorax.
define Instars
tissue growth but no increase in external size.
define Proecdysis
old endocuticle digested by enzymes from epidermis. Begin secreting new endocuticle.
Define Ecdysis
old cuticle splits and animal wiggles out. Body swells.
Define Postecdysis
cuticle hardens.
Define Hemimetabolous insects
Insects hatch looking much like adults. Nymphs gradually attain adult form.
Define Holometabolous insects
Young very different from
adults. Pupal stage metamorhosis into adult.
Complete or incomplete gut?
Complete gut with regional specialization
Function of foregut?
food intake, transport, storage, mechanical digestion
(jaws, pharynx, gizzard).
Function of midgut?
Extracellular digestion, nutrient uptake (cecae, digestive gland, hepatopancreas).
Function of hindgut?
Excretion of undigested
material, water reabsorption.
Do they have a heart?
Muscular heart required since body movements can’t move blood.
Open or closed circ system?
Open hemocoel as a result of hard exoskeleton and lack of internal segmentation.
Respiratory structure of terrestrial insects?
Trachea
Respiratory structure of aquatic animals?
gills
Respiratory structure of arachnids?
book lung
Gonochoristic or hermaphroditic?
Most gonochoristic with formal mating and internal fertilization
What type of development?
Development often mixed with early brooding then larval stages
What type of larva?
Nauplius larva
