ARTHROPODA

Question 1

Subphylum and Class?
brine shrimp

Answer 1

Subphylum Crustacea
Class Branchiopoda

Question 2

Subphylum and Class?
copepods

Answer 2

Subphylum Crustacea
Class Copepoda

Question 3

Subphylum and Class?
barnacles

Answer 3

Subphylum Crustacea
Class Thecostraca

Question 4

Subphylum, Class, Order?
crabs, lobsters, shrimp

Answer 4

Subphylum Crustacea
Class Malacostraca
Order Decapoda

Question 5

Subphylum, Class, Order?
isopods

Answer 5

Subphylum Crustacea
Class Malacostraca
Order Isopoda

Question 6

Subphylum, Class, Order?
amphipods

Answer 6

Subphylum Crustacea
Class Malacostraca
Order Amphipoda

Question 7

Subphylum, Class, Order?
krill

Answer 7

Subphylum Crustacea
Class Malacostraca
Order Euphausiacea

Question 8

Subphylum, Class, Order?
dragonflies

Answer 8

Subphylum Hexapoda
Class Insecta
Order Odonata

Question 9

Subphylum, Class, Order?
flies, mosquitos

Answer 9

Subphylum Hexapoda
Class Insecta
Order Diptera

Question 10

Subphylum, Class, Order?
beetles

Answer 10

Subphylum Hexapoda
Class Insecta
Order Coleoptera

Question 11

Subphylum, Class, Order?
butterflies, moths

Answer 11

Subphylum Hexapoda
Class Insecta
Order Lepidoptera

Question 12

Subphylum, Class, Order?
bees, ants, wasps

Answer 12

Subphylum Hexapoda
Class Insecta
Order Hymenoptera

Question 13

Subphylum and Class?
centipedes

Answer 13

Subphylum Myriapoda
Class Chilapoda

Question 14

Subphylum and Class?
millipedes

Answer 14

Subphylum Myriapoda
Class Diplopoda

Question 15

Subphylum, Class, Subclass?
Horseshoe crab

Answer 15

Subphylum Chelicerata
Class Euchelicerata
Subclass Merostomata

Question 16

Subphylum, Class, Subclass?
spiders, scorpions, mites, ticks

Answer 16

Subphylum Chelicerata
Class Euchelicerata
Subclass Arachnida

Question 17

Subphylum and Class?
sea spiders

Answer 17

Subphylum Chelicerata
Class Pycnogonida

Question 18

Diploblastic or triploblastic?

Answer 18

Triploblastic

Question 19

Synapomorphies?

Answer 19

Hard exoskeleton
Specialization of appendages
Jointed appendages

Question 20

Explain the cuticle

Answer 20

Secreted by epidermis
Waxes, lipoproteins, proteins.
Sclerotized - tanning process that hardens

Question 21

What are the antagonistic muscles?

Answer 21

flexors and extensors

Question 22

key difference between millipedes and centipedes?

Answer 22

millipedes have 2 legs per segment and are slow but powerful
centipedes have one leg per segment and are fast but not powerful

Question 23

How do arthropods swim?

Answer 23

Flapping phyllopodia
Tail flexion

Question 24

How do arthropods fly?

Answer 24

Dipterans (flies):
Indirect flight muscles allow wings to beat faster than neural transmission.
Dorsoventral and longitudinal muscles.
Flexible thorax.

Question 25

define Instars

Answer 25

tissue growth but no increase in external size.

Question 26

define Proecdysis

Answer 26

old endocuticle digested by enzymes from epidermis. Begin secreting new endocuticle.

Question 27

Define Ecdysis

Answer 27

old cuticle splits and animal wiggles out. Body swells.

Question 28

Define Postecdysis

Answer 28

cuticle hardens.

Question 29

Define Hemimetabolous insects

Answer 29

Insects hatch looking much like adults. Nymphs gradually attain adult form.

Question 30

Define Holometabolous insects

Answer 30

Young very different from adults. Pupal stage metamorhosis into adult.

Question 31

Complete or incomplete gut?

Answer 31

Complete gut with regional specialization

Question 32

Function of foregut?

Answer 32

food intake, transport, storage, mechanical digestion (jaws, pharynx, gizzard).

Question 33

Function of midgut?

Answer 33

Extracellular digestion, nutrient uptake (cecae, digestive gland, hepatopancreas).

Question 34

Function of hindgut?

Answer 34

Excretion of undigested material, water reabsorption.

Question 35

Do they have a heart?

Answer 35

Muscular heart required since body movements can’t move blood.

Question 36

Open or closed circ system?

Answer 36

Open hemocoel as a result of hard exoskeleton and lack of internal segmentation.

Question 37

Respiratory structure of terrestrial insects?

Answer 37

Trachea

Question 38

Respiratory structure of aquatic animals?

Answer 38

gills

Question 39

Respiratory structure of arachnids?

Answer 39

book lung

Question 40

Gonochoristic or hermaphroditic?

Answer 40

Most gonochoristic with formal mating and internal fertilization

Question 41

What type of development?

Answer 41

Development often mixed with early brooding then larval stages

Question 42

What type of larva?

Answer 42

Nauplius larva