CTEL 3 - Chapter 8: Lessons 1-4

Question 1

a curriculum as one that honors, respects and engages with traditions, perspectives, and teaching and learning styles from a wide variety of cultures.

Answer 1

Multicultural Curriculum

Question 2

when a school looks at the curriculum they currently have in place. They then add in lessons, units and examples that represent a broader range of cultural examples and perspectives.

Answer 2

additive approach

Question 3

advantages to an additive approach:

This approach can be undertaken fairly simply, with only a little extra research and labor.
The approach can often be woven into existing standards and curricular structures.
The approach does ensure that students learn about cultures other than their own.

Answer 3

disadvantages of an additive approach:

The additive approach can convey the impression that there is one central, normative culture and everyone else is lucky to be included, which is not a strong multicultural perspective.
In the additive approach, students do not have to think deeply about the meaning of culture and the ways it can affect every aspect of living and learning.
The additive approach does not fundamentally change the power structures embedded in the school or educational system.

Question 4

In this approach, teachers must change the basic assumptions underlying their curricular structure.

Answer 4

transformative approach

Question 5

advantages to the transformative approach. For example:

It engages deeply with issues of multiculturalism, privilege, and diversity, without tokenizing members of historically marginalized groups.
It allows teachers, students and administrators to deeply explore their own value systems and unconscious biases, and how these affect their teaching and learning.
It can contribute to making a school a truly welcoming place that encourages critical thought in all community members.

Answer 5

disadvantages to this approach. For instance:

It is more labor intensive and time consuming than the additive approach.
It might require flying in the face of state and district standards that are less transformative in nature.
It stops short of teaching mechanisms for social action or community efforts toward social justice.

Question 6

The best inclusive strategy is cooperative learning and dialogue.

Answer 6

The best inclusive strategy is cooperative learning and dialogue.

Question 7

its what students already know (what they learned prior)

Answer 7

prior knowledge

Question 8

is historical or contextual information provided by a teacher on a topic (the teacher provides the background.)

Answer 8

background knowledge

Question 9

you can activate students’ prior knowledge:

Discussions where students reflect on what they know
Prompting where students write down what they know
Cloze exercises where students insert omitted words

Answer 9

you can activate students’ prior knowledge:

Discussions where students reflect on what they know
Prompting where students write down what they know
Cloze exercises where students insert omitted words

Question 10

Some techniques you could use to build background knowledge for your students include:

Short readings related to the topic, followed by questions or discussions
Hands-on experience, such as writing journals, visiting museums, scavenger hunts, conducting interviews, watching plays or movies, attending festivals, followed by summarizing the experience
Using pictures related to the new content; comparing and contrasting
Using technology to show videos, play music, exhibit authentic photos or documents
Implementing objects such as traditional clothes or musical instruments to demonstrate cultural differences

Answer 10

Some techniques you could use to build background knowledge for your students include:

Short readings related to the topic, followed by questions or discussions
Hands-on experience, such as writing journals, visiting museums, scavenger hunts, conducting interviews, watching plays or movies, attending festivals, followed by summarizing the experience
Using pictures related to the new content; comparing and contrasting
Using technology to show videos, play music, exhibit authentic photos or documents
Implementing objects such as traditional clothes or musical instruments to demonstrate cultural differences

Question 11

Strategies to build background knowledge

Answer 11

help make cultural connections
do picture walks
do gallery walks
use realia