CSF Flashcards
In adults, approximately ___ mL of fluid is produced every hour.
20
The cells of the ____ act as one-way valves that respond to pressure within the CNS and prevent reflux of the fluid.
Arachnoid granulations
A classic ____ is associated with tubercular meningitis and can be seen after overnight refrigeration.
Web-like pellicle
____ may also be found in early stages of viral, tubercular, & fungal meningitis.
Neutrophils
____ are from the lining of the ventricles and neural canal.
Ependymal cells
____ cells represent lining of from the arachnoid.
Spindle-shaped cells
Fusing of cell walls and nuclear irregularities and ____ (color) nucleoli are seen in ____ of malignant cells.
Hyperchromatic; clusters
The alpha globulins in CSF include primarily ____ & ____.
Haptoglobin; ceruloplasmin
____ is the major beta globulin present; also a carbohydrate-deficient transferrin fraction, referred to as ____.
Transferrin; tau
What are the most common causes of conditions that damage the blood-brain barrier?
Meningitis & hemorrhage conditions
Banding representing both systemic and neurologic involvement is seen in the serum and CSF with ____ infection.
HIV
What techniques are the methods of choice when determining whether a fluid is actually CSF?
CSF immunofixation electrophoresis (IFE) & isoelectric focusing (IEF)
The present of ____ in the CSF indicates recent destruction of the myelin sheath that protects that axons of the neurons.
Myelin basic protein (MBP)
Glucose results in a reference value that is approximately ___% that of the plasma glucose.
60-70
Blood glucose specimen must be drawn about ___ hours before the spinal tap to allow time for equilibrium between the blood and fluid.
2
Markedly decreased CSG glucose with increased WBC count with large % of neutrophils:
Bacterial meningitis
Markedly decreased CSG glucose with increased WBC count with large % lymphocytes:
Tubercular meningitis
Normal CSG glucose with increased number of lymphocytes:
Viral meningitis
In bacterial, tubercular & viral meningitis, CSF lactate levels greater than ___mg/dL occurs much more consistently than does decreased glucose.
25
TRUE or FALSE: Levels greater than 35 mg/dL are frequently seen with viral meningitis whereas in bacterial meningitis, lactate levels remain lower than 25.
False
Bacterial >35; viral <25
Glutamine is produced by ____ & ____ by the brain cells.
Ammonia; a-ketoglutarate
The normal concentration of glutamine in CSF is ___ mg/dL.
8-18
Why is glutamine measurement preferred over direct measurement of CSF ammonia?
Glutamine concentration remains more stable than the volatile ammonia concentration in the collected specimen
____ test to detect the presence of C. neoformans antigen in serum and CSF provide a more sensitive method than the India Ink preparation.
Latex agglutination
