Renal Function

Question 1

The ____ nephrons make up approximately 85% of nephrons.

Answer 1

Cortical

Question 2

What are the 4 renal functions?

Answer 2

Renal blood flow
Glomerular filtration
Tubular reabsorption
Tubular secretion

Question 3

Where does the final adjustment of the urine composition take place?

Answer 3

Distal convoluted tubule

Question 4

What is the total renal blood flow based on an average body size?

Answer 4

1200 mL/min

Question 5

What is the total renal plasma flow based on an average body size?

Answer 5

600-700 mL/min

Question 6

What are the factors influencing the actual filtration process in the glomerulus?

Answer 6

Cellular structure of the capillary walls & Bowman’s capsule
Hydrostatic and oncotic pressure
RAAS

Question 7

When the blood pressure drop, the afferent arterioles will ____ and the efferent arterioles will ____.

Answer 7

Dilate; constrict

Question 8

What is the juxtaglomerular apparatus composed of?

Answer 8

Juxtaglomerular cells in the afferent arteriole

Macula densa of the DCT

Question 9

___ Na content, ____ water retention

Answer 9

Decreased; decreased

Question 10

What are the substances undergoing active transport in tubular reabsorption?

Answer 10

Glucose, amino acids, salts
Chloride
Sodium

Question 11

A ____ level of ADH increases permeability, resulting in increased reabsorption of water and a ___-volume concentrated urine.

Answer 11

High; low

Question 12

TRUE of FALSE: To ensure that glomerular filtration is measured accurately, the substance analyzed must be one that is neither reabsorbed nor secreted by the tubules.

Answer 12

True

Question 13

GFR is reported in:

Answer 13

mL cleared per minute

Question 14

Monitoring levels of this analyte is recommended for pediatric patients, persons with diabetes, the elderly, and critically ill patients.

Answer 14

Cystatin C

Question 15

This procedure can be valuable to measure the viability of a transplanted kidney.

Answer 15

Radionucleotides