CSCS Time 2 Flashcards
The effects of a warm-up on performance?
Increases in RFD, reaction time, strength, power, oxygen delivery (Bohr effect), muscle blood flow, metabolic reactions
Decreases in viscous resistance
What type of sports require more static stretching in the warmup?
Sports with high amounts of flexibility and high uses of the SSC
What is the typical foot width for standing exercise?
Hip width or slightly wider than hip width
What is the objective of the barbell rack clean?
To develop the explosive phase of the pull and teach the athlete how to quickly get under the bar
What is a coaching point for all clean variations regarding hip extension and arms?
You want to avoid pulling with the arms prior to attaining complete hip extension
Barbell Hang clean objective
Develop explosive power in hips and legs and teach the athlete how to utilize the SSC
What is the objective of the barbell power clean?
Develop the ability to develop explosive power in the legs and hips
What is the objective of the barbell high pull?
Develop the ability to express explosive power in the hips and legs
What is the objective of DB front raises?
To isolate and strengthen the anterior deltoid
What is the objective of the DB lateral raise?
To isolate and develop strength in the lateral deltoid
What is the objective of the DB bent over fly?
Isolate and strengthen the posterior deltoid
What is the objective of the barbell push press?
Develop explosive strength in the legs and hips as well as strengthen the shoulder while stabilizing overhead loads
Barbell Push Jerk objective
Develop explosive strength in the legs and hips as well as strengthen the shoulder while stabilizing overhead loads
Pull Up objective
Develop strength in the muscles of the upper back, arms, and abdominals
Standing low row objective
Develop muscles of the upper back as well as the stabilizers of the legs and core
In a standing low row, how far does the handle travel?
Until it touches the upper abdomen
Lat pulldown objective
Develop strength in the upper back
In a lat pulldown, how far does the handle travel?
Until it reaches the clavicle/upper chest
Bent over row objective
Develop strength in the upper back
How far does the bar travel in a bent over row?
Until it reaches the upper abdomen
EZ bar curl objective
Develop bicep strength
Hand plank objectives
Develop strength, balance, and stability in the pelvis, abdominal area, back, and shoulders
What are 3 cues to get into the proper position of a plank
- contract the glutes
- roll the pelvis forward
- pull belly button to the spine through inner abdominal contraction
Elbow plank objectives
Develop strength, balance, and stability in the pelvis, abdominal area, back, and shoulders
Barbell back squat objective
Develop the quadriceps, adductors, gluteus Maximus, and hamstrings
When done correctly, what can squats do for the surroundings of the knee joint?
When done correctly, squats strengthen the muscles, ligaments, and tendons surrounding the knee joint as well as the core muscles through keeping the torso erect
What are the 4 common mistakes in the start of the back squat?
- Taking more than 2 steps
- Not having entire body underneath the bat
- Not placing body in the center of the bar
- Not filling the body with air and holding
When performing the barbell back squat, what should the grip width be for a taller vs shorter athlete?
Taller: medium - wide grip width
Shorter: closer - medium grip width
note: the closer the grip the more the back is activated
When performing a barbell back squat, what are the 3 common grip mistakes?
- trapping plates instead of bar
- taking the hands off the bar during the ascent
- using an open grip instead of a closed grip
What is the difference in force direction in a high bar vs low bar squat?
High bar: force directed at knees
Low-bar: force directed at hips
Common mistakes with bar placement in the barbell back squat?
High bar: leaning forward or rounding of back
Low bar: Bar rolls down
2 common mistakes for head and eyes in a barbell back squat?
- head tilts forward which causes the weight to shift to the balls of the feet and rounds the back
- Tilting head backward which causes weight to shift on heels and places unwanted stress on neck and back
What are the differences between narrow stance, medium stance, and wide squat stances?
Narrow: Works quadriceps and glutes more
Medium: Works quadriceps and adductors more
Wide: works adductors, glutes, and outer quadriceps (Vastus laterals)
What is a common mistake for foot positioning on the back squat?
Turning the toes inward
Why is activation of the abdominals so important in the back squat?
Strong abdominal muscles help to maintain torso stability and intra-thoracic pressure
4 common mistakes regarding the abdominals?
- not training them
- Not using a variety of abdominal/oblique exercises
- To much hip flexion during abdominal exercises
- Working only one section of the abdominal area
2 common breathing mistakes of the barbell back squat?
- holding breath the whole time
2 exhaling at the bottom
3 common torso mistakes when squatting?
- keeping torso to upright
- allowing torso to lean to far forward
- not squatting with a rigid torso
3 common descent mistakes in the squat?
- not keeping shins vertical
- rounding back
- dropping down to quickly
3 common mistakes of the ascent in the squat?
- bouncing out of the bottom
- tasing hips to quickly
- allowing the weight to shift onto the toes
What is the single most effective leg exercise?
Squat
What is the objective of the barbell front squat?
Develop strength in the quadriceps, thigh adductors, glutes, and hamstrings
What is the objective of the barbell clean deadlift?
Learn how to lift the bar off the ground properly and develop strength in the legs, his, back, and torso stabilizers
What is the objective of the barbell RDL?
Develop strength in the hamstrings, glutes, and torso stabilizers
What is the objective of the forward step lunge?
Isolate a single leg and develop strength in the hip, leg, and core muscles
What is a coaching point for the lunge regarding the feet
Keep the heel of the back foot pointed to the sky to prevent rolling and keep the front foot firmly flat on the ground
What is the objective of the walking lunge?
Develop strength in the muscles of the hips, legs, and core
Barbell Bench Press objective
Develop strength in the pectorals, shoulders, and triceps
What is the most common error of the barbell bench press?
Allowing the bar to come off the chest and move towards the legs which lowers force
Barbell incline bench press objective
Develop strength int he upper pectorals, deltoids, and triceps
Triceps pushdown objective
Isolate and strength triceps
Heel touches objective
Develop strength in abdominal muscles
What do plyometrics seek to improve?
Power, RFD, and force absorption
What do plyometric exercises target?
The nervous system
Where does the stress of plyometrics come from?
The nervous system and the mechanical demands placed on tissues
What is the best form of plyometrics for novice athletes?
Deceleration and jump training
What is reactive speed?
The ability to react to a stimulus in the shortest amount of time possible
What is active speed?
The ability to move quickly and precisely during short duration of <6 seconds without cyclic movements
What is frequency speed?
The ability to walk, climb, swimming, walk and involves cyclic movements
What is complex speed?
Combines reactivity + perception + spatial relationships to produce coordinated and goal directed noncyclic movements
What are the 2 components that make up agility?
High speeds + Rapid COD
What is the key factor in linear speed?
Acceleration
What is the differences between acceleration and max velocity?
Acceleration: Small step length, high step frequency, shorter GCT, less upright, lower recovery of swing leg
Max Velocity: Longer step length, shorter step frequency, longer GCT, more upright, swing leg comes off the ground more
What is the objective of high knees?
Develop lower body strength, power, and ROM at hips
What is the objective of butt kickers/heel ups?
Develop hamstring strength and ROM at hips
What is the objective of the forward step lunge with elbow to instep?
Develop strength and ROM at hips
What is the objective of the side lunge with squat?
Develop strength and ROM at hips
What is the objective of the high knee foreleg extension
Develop strength and ROM at hips and knees
What is the objective of build-ups?
Develop proper stride length and stride frequency
What is the objective of form starts and position starts?
Develop proper stride length, stride frequency, and body positioning from a static start
What is the difference between form starts and position starts?
Form starts: 1 foot behind and other in front with hips higher than shoulders in typical sprint stance
Position starts: athletic stance with flexion of hips, knees and ankles and hands in front of body
What is the objective of all flying sprint exercises?
Develop proper stride length and frequency
What is the objective of power skips?
Develop lower body explosive power
What is the objective of the harness routine?
Develop proper body positioning during acceleration and minimize the time needed to achieve top speed
What is the objective for bag jumps?
Develop explosive power and acceleration
What is the objective for hollow sprints?
Develop stride length, stride frequency, and explosive power