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Musculoskeletal System > Crystal Arthropathy > Flashcards

Crystal Arthropathy Flashcards

1
Q

How are crystal deposition diseases characterised?

A

Deposition of mineralised material within joints and peri-articular tissue

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2
Q

Common crystal deposition diseases

A

Gout
Pseudogout
Calcific periarthritis/tendonitis

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3
Q

Gout crystals

A

Monosodium urate

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4
Q

Pseudogout crystals

A

Calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate (CPPD)

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5
Q

Calcific periarthritis/tendonitis crystals

A

Basic calcium phosphate hydroxy-apatite (BCP)

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6
Q

What are tophi?

A

Massive accumulations of uric acid

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7
Q

Hyperuricaemia cause in people with gout

A

Reduced efficiency of renal urate clearance

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8
Q

Causes of hyperuricaemia

A

Overproduction

Under excretion

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9
Q

Causes of hyperuricaemia (overproduction)

A 
Malignancy
Severe exfoliative psoriasis
Drugs
HGPRT deficiency
Inborn errors of metabolism
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10
Q

Causes of hyperuricaemia (under excretion)

A 
Renal impairment
Hypertension
Hypothyroidism
Drugs
Exercise, starvation, dehydration
Lead poisoning
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11
Q

What is Lesch Nyan syndrome?

A 
HGPRT deficiency
X-linked recessive
Intellectual disability
Aggressive and impulsive behaviour
Self mutilation
Gout
Renal disease
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12
Q

Management of gout (acute flare)

A

NSAIDs
Colchicine
Steroids

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13
Q

Management of gout (hyperuricaemia)

A 
1st attack not treated unless;
   -Single attack of polyarticular gout
   -Tophaceous gout
   -Urate calculi
   -Renal insufficiency
Treat 2nd attack within 1 year
ASYMPTOMATIC NOT TREATED
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14
Q

Lowering uric acid

A

Xanthine oxidase inhibitor
Febuxostat
Uricosuric agents
Canakinumab

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15
Q

What is pseudogout?

A

When crystals form in the synovial fluid, leads to inflammation and pain
CPPD disease

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16
Q

Pseudogout management

A

No prophylactic therapies
NSAIDs
I/A steroids

17
Q

What is polymyalgia rheumatica?

A 
Inflammatory condition of the elderly
Sudden onset of shoulder +/- pelvic girdle stiffness            
Anaemia                
Malaise
Weight loss
Fever
Depression
Arthralgia/synovitis occasionally
18
Q

Polymyalgia rheumatica treatment

A

Prednisolone 18-24mth course

Bone prophylaxis

Musculoskeletal System (19 decks)

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